马克思恩格斯文化权益思想研究
发布时间：2018-11-27 12:40
【摘要】：资本主义社会的生产力迅速发展,物质财富得到极大丰富,人们获得了更多的自由和权利。但是在资本逻辑和资本统治下,无产阶级及广大人民群众不仅在经济权益方面深受资产阶级的剥削和压榨,同时在文化权益方面也遭受到严重的剥夺和制约,人们的精神文化生活被排挤和限制,人的本质力量不能得到释放,个人的独立性和个性得不到充分的发挥。这种状况与马克思、恩格斯所追求的人类解放、人的自由而全面发展的崇高目标是完全相背离的。因此,人的精神发展问题、文化权益问题成为马克思、恩格斯所关注和研究的重要议题。马克思恩格斯以人类全面解放的视野肯定和论证了文化权益的重要价值。从唯物史观角度看,精神文化对人及社会的发展具有反作用。精神文化是促进社会生产发展的重要推动,物质生产力要有精神生产力的基本支撑,教育和科技对生产领域的社会作用是十分明显的。文化权益与无产阶级革命和政治斗争有着密切联系,工人阶级的精神文化发展水平与工人运动水平是紧紧连结在一起的。文化权益的实现、精神文化的发展与人类解放、人的自由而全面发展具有内在的一致性:一方面,人类解放和人的自由而全面发展包括着人的文化权益的全面实现及精神文化的全面发展;另一方面,无产阶级的文化权益及文化发展是实现人类解放和人的自由而全面发展的重要条件和重要内容。马克思恩格斯基于资本主义社会的现状,阐述了文化权益全方位受制约、文化权益的实现面临着多重困境。资产阶级文化是资产阶级用来统治和奴役无产阶级、实现和维护自身利益的手段和力量。无产阶级及广大人民群众的文化权益制约于资本主义的物质条件和经济基础,制约于资本主义的旧式分工。在资本主义资本逻辑下,精神文化屈从于资本统治,在资本主义机器大生产过程中异化劳动剥夺了工人精神文化权益。资产阶级还从政治上对精神文化进行控制和限制,从思想上对无产阶级及广大人民进行蒙蔽和欺骗。马克思恩格斯着眼于人类解放和人的自由而全面发展,提出了关于文化权益实现的思想。在文化权益实现条件方面,社会生产力的发展是决定性因素,大工业发展是重要推动力量,消除旧的不合理的社会分工是必要条件,废除旧的经济基础为文化权益的实现提供制度保障,无产阶级及其政党自身的成长发展是实现文化权益的阶级和社会力量。在文化权益实现途径方面,从片面发展走向全面发展是基本方向,从少数人垄断的文化走向多数人享有的文化是现实途径,从个体或群体抗争走向法律制度保护是重要保障,从受传统思想统制走向由科学理论指导是思想保证,从自在自发状态走向自觉自为状态是内在动力,从精神文化受束缚走向文化解放是必由之路。马克思恩格斯以历史唯物主义为基础,在批判资产阶级精神文化的基础上,科学地揭示了无产阶级实现文化权益的途径及出路,阐明了实现文化权益与文化解放、人类全面解放之间的内在联系,为无产阶级的文化发展和革命斗争指明了方向和道路。马克思恩格斯的文化权益观对当前实现人民文化权益、促进中国特色社会主义文化建设具有重要意义。有利于我们认识文化权益与资本、经济、政治、科教等之间的关系,立足于现实的物质条件、政治制度、文化教育状况等,引导资本、市场对实现人的文化权益的作用,实现经济和文化权益的平衡发展,彰显现代科教对提升精神文化、促进人的全面发展的重要价值。同时,认识文化权益与人民群众、人的本质的关系,牢固树立以民为本的文化权益观,重在增强人的本质力量,从而全面提高精神文化力量,促进人和社会的发展和进步,推动中国特色社会主义事业顺利进行。马克思恩格斯文化权益思想本质上是关于人类文化解放和文化发展的理论,它是人类解放理论、人的自由而全面发展理论的重要组成部分,在当代它是我国保障和实现人民群众文化权益、推进中国特色社会主义先进文化建设的重要理论基础。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the productive forces of the capitalist society, the material wealth is very rich, and people have gained more freedom and right. But under the control of capital logic and capital, the proletariat and the masses of the masses not only are exploited and squeezed by the bourgeoisie in the economic rights and interests, but also suffer from severe deprivation and restriction in terms of cultural rights and interests, and people's spiritual and cultural life is excluded and restricted. The human intrinsic strength cannot be released, and the individual's independence and personality are not fully exerted. This situation is completely different from the lofty goal of human liberation, human freedom and comprehensive development pursued by Marx and Engels. Therefore, the issue of human's spiritual development and the issue of cultural rights and interests have become an important subject of the attention and research of Marx and Engels. Marx and Engels affirmed and demonstrated the important value of the cultural rights and interests with the view of the universal liberation of mankind. From the point of view of historical materialism, the spiritual culture has a reaction to the development of human and society. The spiritual culture is an important promotion to promote the development of social production. The basic support of material productivity and spiritual productivity is very obvious to the social function in the field of production. The cultural rights and interests are closely related to the proletarian revolution and the political struggle, and the level of spiritual and cultural development of the working class and the level of the worker's movement are closely linked together. The realization of the cultural rights and interests, the development of the spiritual culture and the liberation of the human, the human freedom and the full development have the inherent consistency: on the one hand, the human liberation and the human's free and comprehensive development include the full realization of the human's cultural rights and the overall development of the spiritual culture; on the other hand, The cultural rights and interests of the proletariat and the development of the culture are important conditions and important contents for realizing the free and comprehensive development of human liberation and human freedom. On the basis of the present situation of the capitalist society, Marx and Engels set forth the all-round restriction of the cultural rights and interests, and the realization of the cultural rights and interests is faced with multiple difficulties. The bourgeois culture is the means and power of the bourgeoisie to rule and enslave the proletariat, to realize and maintain its own interests. The cultural rights and interests of the proletariat and the masses of the masses are restricted to the material condition and the economic base of the capitalism and are restricted to the old-style division of labor of capitalism. in that logic of capitalist capital, the spiritual culture is subject to the capital rule, and the alienation of labor in the process of the large-scale production of the capitalist machine deprive the workers of the cultural rights and interests of the workers. The bourgeoisie also controls and limits the spiritual culture from the political level, and the proletariat and the masses of the masses are deceived and deceived. Marx and Engels developed with a view to the liberation of human and the freedom of human beings, and put forward the idea of the realization of cultural rights and interests. In terms of the realization of the cultural rights and interests, the development of the social productivity is the decisive factor, the great industrial development is an important driving force, the elimination of the old unreasonable social division of labor is a necessary condition, and the old economic foundation is abolished to provide the system guarantee for the realization of the cultural rights and interests, The development of the proletariat and its political party itself is the class and social power to realize the cultural rights and interests. in that aspect of the realization of the cultural rights and interests, from the one-sided development to the overall development is the basic direction, the culture from the monopoly of a few people to the most people's culture is a practical way, the struggle from the individual or the group to the legal system protection is an important guarantee, It is the only way to move from the self-conscious state to the self-conscious state, and from the restraint of the spiritual culture to the cultural liberation. On the basis of historical materialism, Marx and Engels, on the basis of criticizing the spirit and culture of the bourgeoisie, scientifically revealed the way and way out for the realization of the cultural rights and interests of the proletariat, and the internal relations between the realization of the cultural rights and the liberation of the culture and the liberation of the human race, The direction and path of the proletarian cultural development and the revolutionary struggle have been pointed out. The view of the cultural rights and interests of Marx and Engels is of great significance to the current realization of the people's cultural rights and interests and to promote the construction of the socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. It is beneficial for us to recognize the relationship between the cultural rights and interests and the capital, the economy, the politics, the science and technology and the like, and based on the material conditions, the political system and the cultural and educational conditions of the reality, and guide the role of the capital and the market in the realization of the cultural rights and interests of the people, and realize the balanced development of the economic and cultural rights and interests. It is an important value of the modern science and technology to promote the spiritual culture and promote the overall development of human beings. At the same time, the relationship between the cultural rights and interests and the people and the nature of the people is recognized, the people-based cultural rights and interests are firmly established, the essence of the people is strengthened, the spiritual and cultural forces are comprehensively improved, the development and the progress of the people and the society are promoted, To promote the smooth progress of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics. The thought of Marx and Engels' cultural rights and interests is the theory of the liberation of human culture and the development of culture. It is an important part of the theory of human liberation and the theory of comprehensive development of human freedom, and it is the guarantee of our country and the realization of the people's cultural rights and interests in the present day. To promote the important theoretical basis of the construction of the advanced culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A811
，
本文编号：2360813
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the productive forces of the capitalist society, the material wealth is very rich, and people have gained more freedom and right. But under the control of capital logic and capital, the proletariat and the masses of the masses not only are exploited and squeezed by the bourgeoisie in the economic rights and interests, but also suffer from severe deprivation and restriction in terms of cultural rights and interests, and people's spiritual and cultural life is excluded and restricted. The human intrinsic strength cannot be released, and the individual's independence and personality are not fully exerted. This situation is completely different from the lofty goal of human liberation, human freedom and comprehensive development pursued by Marx and Engels. Therefore, the issue of human's spiritual development and the issue of cultural rights and interests have become an important subject of the attention and research of Marx and Engels. Marx and Engels affirmed and demonstrated the important value of the cultural rights and interests with the view of the universal liberation of mankind. From the point of view of historical materialism, the spiritual culture has a reaction to the development of human and society. The spiritual culture is an important promotion to promote the development of social production. The basic support of material productivity and spiritual productivity is very obvious to the social function in the field of production. The cultural rights and interests are closely related to the proletarian revolution and the political struggle, and the level of spiritual and cultural development of the working class and the level of the worker's movement are closely linked together. The realization of the cultural rights and interests, the development of the spiritual culture and the liberation of the human, the human freedom and the full development have the inherent consistency: on the one hand, the human liberation and the human's free and comprehensive development include the full realization of the human's cultural rights and the overall development of the spiritual culture; on the other hand, The cultural rights and interests of the proletariat and the development of the culture are important conditions and important contents for realizing the free and comprehensive development of human liberation and human freedom. On the basis of the present situation of the capitalist society, Marx and Engels set forth the all-round restriction of the cultural rights and interests, and the realization of the cultural rights and interests is faced with multiple difficulties. The bourgeois culture is the means and power of the bourgeoisie to rule and enslave the proletariat, to realize and maintain its own interests. The cultural rights and interests of the proletariat and the masses of the masses are restricted to the material condition and the economic base of the capitalism and are restricted to the old-style division of labor of capitalism. in that logic of capitalist capital, the spiritual culture is subject to the capital rule, and the alienation of labor in the process of the large-scale production of the capitalist machine deprive the workers of the cultural rights and interests of the workers. The bourgeoisie also controls and limits the spiritual culture from the political level, and the proletariat and the masses of the masses are deceived and deceived. Marx and Engels developed with a view to the liberation of human and the freedom of human beings, and put forward the idea of the realization of cultural rights and interests. In terms of the realization of the cultural rights and interests, the development of the social productivity is the decisive factor, the great industrial development is an important driving force, the elimination of the old unreasonable social division of labor is a necessary condition, and the old economic foundation is abolished to provide the system guarantee for the realization of the cultural rights and interests, The development of the proletariat and its political party itself is the class and social power to realize the cultural rights and interests. in that aspect of the realization of the cultural rights and interests, from the one-sided development to the overall development is the basic direction, the culture from the monopoly of a few people to the most people's culture is a practical way, the struggle from the individual or the group to the legal system protection is an important guarantee, It is the only way to move from the self-conscious state to the self-conscious state, and from the restraint of the spiritual culture to the cultural liberation. On the basis of historical materialism, Marx and Engels, on the basis of criticizing the spirit and culture of the bourgeoisie, scientifically revealed the way and way out for the realization of the cultural rights and interests of the proletariat, and the internal relations between the realization of the cultural rights and the liberation of the culture and the liberation of the human race, The direction and path of the proletarian cultural development and the revolutionary struggle have been pointed out. The view of the cultural rights and interests of Marx and Engels is of great significance to the current realization of the people's cultural rights and interests and to promote the construction of the socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. It is beneficial for us to recognize the relationship between the cultural rights and interests and the capital, the economy, the politics, the science and technology and the like, and based on the material conditions, the political system and the cultural and educational conditions of the reality, and guide the role of the capital and the market in the realization of the cultural rights and interests of the people, and realize the balanced development of the economic and cultural rights and interests. It is an important value of the modern science and technology to promote the spiritual culture and promote the overall development of human beings. At the same time, the relationship between the cultural rights and interests and the people and the nature of the people is recognized, the people-based cultural rights and interests are firmly established, the essence of the people is strengthened, the spiritual and cultural forces are comprehensively improved, the development and the progress of the people and the society are promoted, To promote the smooth progress of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics. The thought of Marx and Engels' cultural rights and interests is the theory of the liberation of human culture and the development of culture. It is an important part of the theory of human liberation and the theory of comprehensive development of human freedom, and it is the guarantee of our country and the realization of the people's cultural rights and interests in the present day. To promote the important theoretical basis of the construction of the advanced culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A811
，
本文编号：2360813
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