马克思实践的自然观探究

发布时间：2019-01-19 12:34

【摘要】：实现人与自然之间和谐是现代社会发展的基调。二战以后,生态环境的剧烈恶化严重地威胁到了人类的生存和发展,生态危机成为全人类关注的焦点。人类不得不重新审视自身与自然的关系,不得不反思我们的生存方式。在此背景下,马克思的自然观受到包括西方马克思主义在内诸多社会理论的高度重视,并运用马克思哲学的科学方法论和世界观去解决生态实践中新情况、新问题。在马克思主义自然观中探寻解决生态问题的智慧和理论基础成为当代生态哲学的重要转向之一。本文紧扣马克思主义自然观所具有的“实践理性”,采取从历史到现实的研究思路,考察了马克思之前的自然观及其流变；概括了马克思自然观所包含的特征——建立在实践基础之上实践理性的生态哲学范式；同时也阐释了马克思自然观对西方生态马克思主义的影响以及彰显马克思自然观对我国建设生态文明社会的实践启示。作为时代精神的马克思主义自然观是具有强大生命力的,它为环境伦理学的科学化、为解决全球性生态问题、为构建生态文明的“美丽中国”提供了理论指导和实践智慧。在现代社会,用马克思自然观作指导,我们才可能在实现人与自然和谐相处的基础之上快活地、诗意地栖居在这苍茫大地上。本文一共分为五章。第一章概述选题背景、研究问题、方法、意义以及创新点。第二章介绍了马克思自然观之前的自然观思想。第三章阐释了马克思主义自然观的特点——凸显辩证否定的实践理性。第四章介绍了马克思自然观对西方生态观的影响及超越。第五章阐明了马克思主义的实践的自然观对中国建设生态文明、美丽中国的现实意义和启示。
[Abstract]:To realize the harmony between man and nature is the keynote of the development of modern society. After World War II, the severe deterioration of ecological environment has seriously threatened the survival and development of human beings, and ecological crisis has become the focus of attention of all mankind. Human beings have to re-examine their relationship with nature and have to reflect on our way of life. In this context, Marx's view of nature is highly valued by many social theories, including Western Marxism, and the scientific methodology and world outlook of Marxist philosophy are used to solve new situations and problems in ecological practice. Exploring the wisdom and theoretical basis of solving ecological problems in Marxist view of nature has become one of the important turns of contemporary ecological philosophy. This article clings to the "practical rationality" of Marxist view of nature, adopts the research ideas from history to reality, and examines Marx's previous view of nature and its evolution. This paper summarizes the characteristics contained in Marx's view of nature-the ecological philosophy paradigm based on practical rationality; At the same time, it also explains the influence of Marx's view of nature on western ecological Marxism and the practical enlightenment of Marx's view of nature to the construction of ecological civilization society in China. As the spirit of the times, the Marxist view of nature has a strong vitality. It provides theoretical guidance and practical wisdom for the scientization of environmental ethics, the solution of global ecological problems and the construction of "beautiful China" of ecological civilization. In modern society, under the guidance of Marx's view of nature, we can live happily and poetically on the basis of harmony between man and nature. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter outlines the background, research issues, methods, significance and innovation. The second chapter introduces Marx's idea of nature before the view of nature. The third chapter explains the characteristics of Marxist view of nature-to highlight the dialectical negation of practical rationality. Chapter four introduces the influence and transcendence of Marx's view of nature to the western ecological view. The fifth chapter expounds the realistic significance and enlightenment of Marxism's practical view of nature to China's construction of ecological civilization and beauty of China.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：A811

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