论马克思的精神交往观

发布时间：2019-02-24 16:18

【摘要】：“交往”是我们日常生活中经常用到的一个词。它是体现人的总体活动之关系性的概括性范畴。不同学科对于交往概念理解的侧重点不同。马克思也看到了交往的重要性,将其作为唯物史观的一个重要范畴加以研究。《德意志意识形态》是马克思阐发其唯物史观的重要文本,这里面他就大量使用了“交往”这一概念。作为交往的重要组成部分的精神交往,在社会进步的过程中起着非常重要的作用。这一范畴在马克思的理论中有无涉及?如果涉及,他又是从哪些方面论述的?了解这些理论,无论对于我们深入理解马克思的思想,还是对于当今社会的发展,都具有重要的价值。本文以马克思的文本为基础,以唯物史观为指导,从精神交往的概念辨析入手,首先揭示了精神交往的本质是人、人类社会得以存在和发展的内容之一,人是一定交往关系的总和,社会也是在人们的物质交往和精神交往过程中产生；精神交往的动力是人的需要的实现途径,需要决定了精神交往的程度、内容,整个社会的交往形成一种相互需要的体系。通过这两点,从而说明精神交往也不过是人类活动的替代形式。其次,论述了精神交往具有社会性、能动性、继承性这样几个特点；语言、文字是精神交往的基本形式,对于文化、文明的传播起到了重要的作用；同时,随着科学技术的发展,精神交往还出现了新形式,如网络交往。接着,阐述了精神交往具有促进、互补、整合的功能,这有利于文化大融合,有利于世界历史进程的加快。最后,描绘了精神交往得以存在的三种社会形态,它们对精神交往本身的制约以及精神交往对其发展的影响和作用。总之,通过对马克思精神交往观的详细阐述,我们在理论层面能够全面认识精神交往的同时,看到它的重要实践意义。
[Abstract]:Communication is a word that we often use in our daily life. It is a general category that reflects the relationship of human's overall activities. Different disciplines have different emphases on understanding the concept of communication. Marx also saw the importance of communication and studied it as an important category of historical materialism. He used the concept of "association" extensively. As an important part of communication, spiritual communication plays a very important role in the process of social progress. Is this category involved in Marx's theory? If so, what aspects did he discuss? Understanding these theories is of great value to our understanding of Marx's thought and the development of our society. Based on Marx's text and guided by historical materialism, this paper first reveals that the essence of spiritual communication is one of the contents of human being and the existence and development of human society. People are the sum total of certain communication relations, and the society also comes into being in the process of people's material and spiritual communication. The motive force of spiritual communication is the way to realize human's needs, which determines the degree and content of spiritual communication, and forms a system of mutual needs in the whole society. Through these two points, it shows that spiritual interaction is only a substitute form of human activities. Secondly, it discusses the characteristics of spiritual communication, such as sociality, initiative and inheritance, language and writing are the basic forms of spiritual communication, which play an important role in the dissemination of culture and civilization. At the same time, with the development of science and technology, there are new forms of spiritual communication, such as network communication. Then, the author expounds that spiritual communication has the functions of promoting, complementing and integrating, which is conducive to the cultural integration and the acceleration of the world historical process. Finally, three social forms of spiritual communication are described, which restrict spiritual communication itself and influence and function of spiritual communication on its development. In a word, by expounding Marx's concept of spiritual communication in detail, we can fully understand spiritual communication at the theoretical level, and at the same time, we can see its important practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A811

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