民主论四题

发布时间：2018-05-11 23:16

本文选题：民主政治 + 民主的历史性　；参考：《马克思主义研究》2017年08期

【摘要】：本文不是阐述民主的一般理论,只是就民主研究中存在的若干观点进行澄清与分辨。本文阐述的几个基本观点是:第一,民主政治并不是政治文明的唯一形式,政治文明的标志是国家,专制政治与民主政治都是政治文明的表现形式。民主价值也不具有普世的性质,民主共和国只是近代以来才具有的一种国家形式。第二,不能抽象地说"民主是个好东西",对民主的价值评价应放在具体历史条件下,放在具体的社会经济结构与阶级结构中去进行。第三,不能以民主既是资本主义的核心价值,也是社会主义的核心价值为根据,就推定民主是一种普世价值。社会主义市场经济与以前一切商品经济、市场经济有着本质的区别,因此社会主义市场经济下的民主有别于资本主义民主。第四,每一个国家与民族都有权选择自己的政治与治理形式,民主不能被迫与强加,需要各国人民根据自身的发展水平与所处历史阶段作出适当的选择。
[Abstract]:This paper is not to expound the general theory of democracy, but to clarify and distinguish some viewpoints existing in the study of democracy. First, democracy is not the only form of political civilization. The symbol of political civilization is the state. Autocratic politics and democratic politics are both forms of political civilization. The value of democracy is not universal, and the democratic republic is only a form of state since modern times. Second, we should not say in abstract that "democracy is a good thing". The value evaluation of democracy should be carried out under the specific historical conditions, in the concrete social economic structure and class structure. Third, democracy is not supposed to be a universal value on the basis that democracy is not only the core value of capitalism but also the core value of socialism. There are essential differences between socialist market economy and all commodity economy and market economy, so democracy in socialist market economy is different from capitalist democracy. Fourthly, every country and nation has the right to choose its own form of politics and governance. Democracy cannot be forced or imposed. It requires the people of all countries to make appropriate choices according to their own level of development and the stage of their history.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学马克思主义学院;
【分类号】：D082

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