新时期中国经济民主进程中的美国因素
发布时间：2018-09-10 09:27
【摘要】： 经济民主问题一直是影响美国对华经贸政策的重要因素。中美建交以来,美国国内围绕中国最惠国待遇的年度审议以及长达数十年之久的中美WTO谈判,乃至当前美国对中国市场经济地位的否认,其主要根源之一即在美国认为中国“经济民主水平”不达标。在美国看来,建立在生产资料公有制基础上的中国社会主义经济民主,不符合其所倡导的以私有化和自由化为核心的新自由主义经济模式。借助经济民主问题影响对华经贸政策,已成为美国对华战略的重要组成部分。本文旨在深入剖析经济民主问题的实质及美国对华经贸政策的走向,就美国因素与中国经济民主进程进行关联性分析,并对中国新时期经济民主建设过程中如何应对美国的挑战提出政策性思考。 论文共分六章。第一章在明确界定经济民主内涵的前提下,总结回顾了西方学者对经济民主的理论探索,他们提出的“工人参与企业管理、突出民主原则在社会经济制度构筑中的重要性”等一些基本理念对于社会主义经济体制的完善具有借鉴和参考价值。但西方经济民主理论因始终未脱离资本主义生产资料私有制的窠臼,并与社会实践相脱离,作为一种纯理论主张,显然具有一定空想性。以此为铺垫,本文深入探讨了指导新时期中国经济民主建设的理论航标——邓小平经济民主思想,并概括总结了新的领导集体对邓小平经济民主思想的继承、丰富和发展。 第二章分析了邓小平经济民主思想与新时期中国经济民主进程的密切关联,以及对于建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制的重大作用。在此基础上,归纳概括了新时期中国经济民主建设所取得的成就及存在的问题。其中成就包括:实现了经济管理体制和管理方式的民主变革,具体表现在生产管理的民主化、价格管理的民主化、贸易体制管理的民主化、国有企业管理的民主化;通过三次修宪和《物权法》、《反垄断法》、《劳动合同法》等相关法律的颁布实施,确立了各种市场主体的平等地位,经济民主法律保障体系基本建立起来;经济民主所内含的自由、平等和参与意识逐渐深入人心,公众民主意识大幅度提升。问题主要有:政府职能与经济民主发展新阶段的要求还存在一定差距;垄断领域改革的相对滞后;社会信用体系的残缺不全;计划经济体制下形成的传统观念和行为方式仍然有着较强的惯性等,这些都对经济民主的发展造成巨大阻力。从发展的角度来讲,中国经济民主进程的全面完成是一个综合性的工程。从改革的角度来讲,建设经济民主仍然是一个艰巨的任务。 任何实践成果都是一定历史条件和现实条件的产物,离不开相应的时代背景。中国经济民主进程不仅受制于国内因素,也与国际环境息息相关。其中,美国——当今世界上唯一的超级大国,是对中国经济民主进程影响最直接和最大的外部因素。以推进西方民主为全球战略目标的美国,一直以来对中国民主现状存在偏见;随着中美经贸关系的日趋紧密,主张新自由主义经济模式的美国更是对中国的经济民主现状屡屡发出微词,以实现其与中国进行经贸往来时的利益最大化。在这种错误理念的暗示下,美国各阶层虽然可以部分认识到中国经济民主建设所取得的进步,但更大程度上他们关注的是中国经济民主所存在的问题,并将这些问题扩大化,进而对中国经济民主现状形成种种错误的认知。此为论文第三章所要研究的主要内容。 在总结美国对华经济民主状况认知的基础上,论文第四章从政治、文化、经济、战略等几大层面分析了美国介入中国经济民主进程的深层次根源。在此基础上,论文第五章归纳概括了美国给中国经济民主进程所带来的正负影响:一方面,在意识形态差异和主导权之争的双重作用下,美国通过对华输出民主和鼓吹新自由主义,给中国经济民主进程带来了极大的消极影响。另一方面,美国在政府经济管理体制、企业管理文化、反垄断立法等相关领域的经验却非常值得中国借鉴,加之新时期中美经济的相互开放和彼此渗透又有助于增强中国市场主体的经济民主意识,这对于加速推进中国的经济民主进程意义重大,可称之为美国所带来的积极影响。此外,本章结合中美WTO谈判,重点分析了美国因素在中国加入世界贸易组织过程中的作用。以此作为案例,主要是因为中国的整个入世过程其实也是经济民主建设取得飞速进展的过程,而中美双方在谈判过程中的讨价还价也正是美国对中国经济民主进程施加影响的一个折射。 第六章,中国经济民主进程中的对美战略。美国对中国经济民主进程所产生的正负双重影响,使其不可避免地成为最重要的外部因素。如何应对新时期美国对中国经济民主进程的介入及影响,是本章讨论的核心议题。 结论,论文在总结以上研究成果的基础上,概括分析了经济民主问题对未来中美经贸关系的影响,并对中美在中国经济民主建设上的合作潜力及限度进行了展望,为中国如何利用美国的积极影响、化解消极影响及促进中国经济民主建设与中美经贸关系的良性互动提供了一些政策性建议:如继续坚持走中国特色的经济民主之路;积极开展对美经济外交,促进中美经济良性互动;利用美国对华经贸政策中的积极因素,力促中美经贸关系走向机制化等。唯有如此,才能为中国的经济民主建设创造一个有利的外部环境,抓住机遇,以推进中国的经济民主进程更好更快地发展。
[Abstract]:The issue of economic democracy has always been an important factor affecting US economic and trade policy toward China.Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the annual review of China's most-favored-nation treatment in the United States, the decades-long negotiations between China and the United States on the WTO, and even the denial of China's market economic status by the United States at present, one of the main reasons is that the United States considers China's "economy" In the view of the United States, China's socialist economic democracy based on the public ownership of the means of production is not in conformity with the neo-liberal economic model advocated by the United States, whose core is Privatization and liberalization. This paper aims to analyze the essence of economic democracy and the trend of American economic and trade policy toward China, analyze the correlation between American factors and the process of economic democracy in China, and put forward policy thinking on how to deal with the challenges of the United States in the process of economic democracy construction in the new period.
Chapter One, on the premise of defining the connotation of economic democracy, summarizes and reviews the theoretical exploration of economic democracy by Western scholars. Some basic concepts, such as "workers participating in enterprise management, highlighting the importance of democratic principles in the construction of social and economic systems", have been put forward for the perfection of socialist economic system. However, as a pure theoretical proposition, the western economic democracy theory, which has not been separated from the capitalist private ownership of the means of production and social practice, obviously has certain fantasy. Deng Xiaoping's economic democracy thought, and summarizes the new leading group's inheritance, enrichment and development of Deng Xiaoping's economic democracy thought.
The second chapter analyzes the close relationship between Deng Xiaoping's economic democracy thought and the process of China's economic democracy in the new period and its important role in establishing and perfecting the socialist market economic system. Democratization of production management, price management, trade system management and state-owned enterprise management are the concrete manifestations of the democratic reform of economic management system and management mode. Through three amendments to the Constitution and the promulgation and implementation of relevant laws such as Property Law, Antitrust Law and Labor Contract Law, various market subjects have been established. The legal guarantee system of economic democracy has been basically established, and the consciousness of freedom, equality and participation in economic democracy has gradually penetrated the hearts of the people, and the public's democratic consciousness has been greatly enhanced. The incompleteness of the credit system, the strong inertia of the traditional concepts and behavior formed under the planned economic system, all of which have caused great resistance to the development of economic democracy. Democracy is still a difficult task.
Any practical achievement is the product of certain historical and realistic conditions and can not be separated from the corresponding background of the times. The process of China's economic democracy is not only subject to domestic factors, but also closely related to the international environment. The United States, with the promotion of Western democracy as its global strategic objective, has always been prejudiced against China's democratic status quo; with the increasingly close economic and trade relations between China and the United States, the United States, which advocates a neo-liberal economic model, has repeatedly disputed China's economic and democratic status quo, in order to realize its economic and trade interests with China. Under the implication of this misconception, although all strata in the United States can partly recognize the progress made in the construction of China's economic democracy, to a greater extent they are concerned about the problems existing in China's economic democracy, and expand these problems, thus forming a variety of mistaken perceptions of the current situation of China's economic democracy. The main contents of the third chapter are as follows.
On the basis of summing up the American understanding of China's economic democracy, the fourth chapter analyzes the deep roots of the US involvement in the process of China's economic democracy from the aspects of politics, culture, economy and strategy. Under the dual effects of ideological differences and the controversy over dominance, the United States has brought great negative impacts on the process of China's economic democracy by exporting democracy to China and advocating neo-liberalism. On the other hand, the experience of the United States in government economic management system, enterprise management culture, anti-monopoly legislation and other related fields is worth borrowing from China. In addition, the mutual opening and infiltration of the Sino-US economy in the new period will help to enhance the economic democracy consciousness of the main body of the Chinese market, which is of great significance for accelerating the process of economic democracy in China and can be called the positive impact brought by the United States. In addition, this chapter, combined with the Sino-US WTO negotiations, focuses on the analysis of the United States factors in China and Canada. This is mainly because the whole process of China's accession to the WTO is also a process of rapid progress in economic democracy construction, and the bargaining between China and the United States in the negotiation process is also a reflection of the influence of the United States on China's economic democracy process.
Chapter Six, the US strategy in the process of China's economic democracy. The US has both positive and negative impacts on China's economic democracy, which inevitably makes it the most important external factor.
Conclusion: On the basis of summing up the above research results, the paper summarizes and analyzes the impact of economic democracy on Sino-US economic and trade relations in the future, and looks forward to the potential and limitations of Sino-US cooperation in China's economic and democratic construction, so as to help China make use of the positive influence of the United States, resolve the negative influence and promote China's economic and democratic construction. The benign interaction between China and the United States in economic and trade relations provides some policy suggestions, such as persisting in the road of economic democracy with Chinese characteristics, actively carrying out economic diplomacy with the United States to promote the benign interaction between China and the United States, and making use of the positive factors in the United States'economic and trade policies with China to promote the institutionalization of Sino-US economic and trade relations. China's economic democracy construction creates a favorable external environment and seizes the opportunity to promote China's economic democracy process to develop better and faster.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F124
本文编号：2234045
[Abstract]:The issue of economic democracy has always been an important factor affecting US economic and trade policy toward China.Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the annual review of China's most-favored-nation treatment in the United States, the decades-long negotiations between China and the United States on the WTO, and even the denial of China's market economic status by the United States at present, one of the main reasons is that the United States considers China's "economy" In the view of the United States, China's socialist economic democracy based on the public ownership of the means of production is not in conformity with the neo-liberal economic model advocated by the United States, whose core is Privatization and liberalization. This paper aims to analyze the essence of economic democracy and the trend of American economic and trade policy toward China, analyze the correlation between American factors and the process of economic democracy in China, and put forward policy thinking on how to deal with the challenges of the United States in the process of economic democracy construction in the new period.
Chapter One, on the premise of defining the connotation of economic democracy, summarizes and reviews the theoretical exploration of economic democracy by Western scholars. Some basic concepts, such as "workers participating in enterprise management, highlighting the importance of democratic principles in the construction of social and economic systems", have been put forward for the perfection of socialist economic system. However, as a pure theoretical proposition, the western economic democracy theory, which has not been separated from the capitalist private ownership of the means of production and social practice, obviously has certain fantasy. Deng Xiaoping's economic democracy thought, and summarizes the new leading group's inheritance, enrichment and development of Deng Xiaoping's economic democracy thought.
The second chapter analyzes the close relationship between Deng Xiaoping's economic democracy thought and the process of China's economic democracy in the new period and its important role in establishing and perfecting the socialist market economic system. Democratization of production management, price management, trade system management and state-owned enterprise management are the concrete manifestations of the democratic reform of economic management system and management mode. Through three amendments to the Constitution and the promulgation and implementation of relevant laws such as Property Law, Antitrust Law and Labor Contract Law, various market subjects have been established. The legal guarantee system of economic democracy has been basically established, and the consciousness of freedom, equality and participation in economic democracy has gradually penetrated the hearts of the people, and the public's democratic consciousness has been greatly enhanced. The incompleteness of the credit system, the strong inertia of the traditional concepts and behavior formed under the planned economic system, all of which have caused great resistance to the development of economic democracy. Democracy is still a difficult task.
Any practical achievement is the product of certain historical and realistic conditions and can not be separated from the corresponding background of the times. The process of China's economic democracy is not only subject to domestic factors, but also closely related to the international environment. The United States, with the promotion of Western democracy as its global strategic objective, has always been prejudiced against China's democratic status quo; with the increasingly close economic and trade relations between China and the United States, the United States, which advocates a neo-liberal economic model, has repeatedly disputed China's economic and democratic status quo, in order to realize its economic and trade interests with China. Under the implication of this misconception, although all strata in the United States can partly recognize the progress made in the construction of China's economic democracy, to a greater extent they are concerned about the problems existing in China's economic democracy, and expand these problems, thus forming a variety of mistaken perceptions of the current situation of China's economic democracy. The main contents of the third chapter are as follows.
On the basis of summing up the American understanding of China's economic democracy, the fourth chapter analyzes the deep roots of the US involvement in the process of China's economic democracy from the aspects of politics, culture, economy and strategy. Under the dual effects of ideological differences and the controversy over dominance, the United States has brought great negative impacts on the process of China's economic democracy by exporting democracy to China and advocating neo-liberalism. On the other hand, the experience of the United States in government economic management system, enterprise management culture, anti-monopoly legislation and other related fields is worth borrowing from China. In addition, the mutual opening and infiltration of the Sino-US economy in the new period will help to enhance the economic democracy consciousness of the main body of the Chinese market, which is of great significance for accelerating the process of economic democracy in China and can be called the positive impact brought by the United States. In addition, this chapter, combined with the Sino-US WTO negotiations, focuses on the analysis of the United States factors in China and Canada. This is mainly because the whole process of China's accession to the WTO is also a process of rapid progress in economic democracy construction, and the bargaining between China and the United States in the negotiation process is also a reflection of the influence of the United States on China's economic democracy process.
Chapter Six, the US strategy in the process of China's economic democracy. The US has both positive and negative impacts on China's economic democracy, which inevitably makes it the most important external factor.
Conclusion: On the basis of summing up the above research results, the paper summarizes and analyzes the impact of economic democracy on Sino-US economic and trade relations in the future, and looks forward to the potential and limitations of Sino-US cooperation in China's economic and democratic construction, so as to help China make use of the positive influence of the United States, resolve the negative influence and promote China's economic and democratic construction. The benign interaction between China and the United States in economic and trade relations provides some policy suggestions, such as persisting in the road of economic democracy with Chinese characteristics, actively carrying out economic diplomacy with the United States to promote the benign interaction between China and the United States, and making use of the positive factors in the United States'economic and trade policies with China to promote the institutionalization of Sino-US economic and trade relations. China's economic democracy construction creates a favorable external environment and seizes the opportunity to promote China's economic democracy process to develop better and faster.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F124
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