认知地图两种外部化方法的比较——以北京市为例

发布时间：2018-03-24 10:42

本文选题：认知地图　切入点：外部化方法　出处：《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》2008年03期

【摘要】：目前,通过实验方法获得人们头脑中认知地图的两种主要方法是手绘草图法和多维标度法(MDS)。为了深入探讨认知地图两种外部化方法的异同,以北京市为研究对象,要求抽样的被试同时完成MDS实验与手绘草图实验。对于两种不规则的认知地图,将它们的坐标系进行统一,并尽可能降低处理方法带来的变形。在此基础上,通过二维回归(BR)与误差椭圆的方法分别对两种外部化方法获得的结果进行全局与局部的比较,研究发现手绘草图的方法的结果更加符合实际地图;然而两个方法在变形的趋势上却大致相同。进而从MDS方法与手绘草图方法所研究的不同认知地图表达方式,到两个外部化方法自身的误差,做出分析与解释,并对这两种方法的应用提供了建议。
[Abstract]:At present, the two main methods of cognitive map in people's minds are hand-drawn sketch method and multi-dimensional scale method. In order to discuss the similarities and differences of the two methods of cognitive map externalization, Beijing is taken as the research object. The subjects were asked to complete both the MDS experiment and the hand-drawn sketch experiment. For the two kinds of irregular cognitive maps, the coordinate systems were unified, and the deformation caused by the processing method was reduced as much as possible. The global and local comparison of the results obtained by the two externalization methods is carried out by using two dimensional regression method (BRR) and the error ellipse method respectively. It is found that the results of the hand-drawn sketch method are more in line with the actual map. However, the trend of deformation between the two methods is roughly the same. Then, from the different cognitive map representation methods studied by MDS method and sketch drawing method, to the error of the two externalization methods, the analysis and explanation are made. Suggestions are given for the application of these two methods.
【作者单位】：北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(40701134) 国家“863”计划(2007AA12Z216)资助项目
【分类号】：K901

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