我国土地承包经营权流转中存在的问题及其法律对策

发布时间：2018-06-12 21:02

本文选题：土地承包经营权 + 土地承包经营权流转　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着农村土地流转规模的日益扩大以及新一轮农地改革的推进,我国农村土地流转市场将迎来新的发展机遇。尤其在农村土地流转实践中,出现了土地承包主体与土地经营权主体逐渐分离的趋势,农村土地流转“三权分置”的模式应运而生。但从现阶段来看,我国有关土地承包经营权流转的法律制度并不健全,尤其《中华人民共和国物权法》(以下简称《物权法》)及《中华人民共和国农村土地承包法》(以下简称《农村土地承包法》)等法律对土地承包经营权流转的诸多限制性规定亟待修改、完善。一方面,由于实践中农村土地所有权主体不明确,土地承包经营权的流转程序极不规范,土地流转纠纷的解决机制不完善,旨在服务土地流转市场的中介组织及社会保障制度极度匮乏,一定程度上造成了农村土地流转市场乱象丛生;另一方面,我国法律对“土地承包权”“土地经营权”未加以确认,对土地流转方式的规定混乱等,这些都极大损害了我国法律的科学性以及严谨性。通过对湖南省“两型社会”建设改革试验区——湘潭昭山示范区展开实地调研,结合中央提出的土地流转“三权分置”政策理论,针对当前我国土地承包经营权流转中存在的诸多问题,指出未来我国应加快对土地承包经营权制度的完善:一方面,要加快土地确权工作,将农村土地集体所有的制度落到实处;另一方面,要尽快完善我国有关土地法律法规,明确“土地承包权”“土地经营权”的内涵及法律地位,修改有关土地流转方式的概念及模糊性规定;同时,在实践中,要不断探索建立与土地流转相配套的各项机制,如充分发挥中介组织的服务职能,建立健全多元化的纠纷解决方式,完善农村社会保障制度等。改革须依法而行,通过法律来有效规制农村土地流转行为,引导农村土地流转进入健康、有序、良性循环的发展轨道,是我国实行依法治国的必然要求。继农地改革之后,我国必然会从立法和实践两方面逐步完善我国土地承包经营权流转制度。
[Abstract]:With the increasing scale of rural land circulation and the promotion of a new round of rural land reform, the rural land transfer market in China will usher in new opportunities for development. Especially in the practice of rural land circulation, there is a trend that the main body of land contract and the main body of land management right are separated gradually, and the mode of "three rights division" of rural land circulation arises at the historic moment. However, from the point of view of the present stage, the legal system concerning the transfer of land contractual management rights in our country is not perfect. In particular, the Law of the people's Republic of China on property Rights (hereinafter referred to as "the Law on Real Rights") and the Law of the people's Republic of China on Rural Land contract (hereinafter referred to as the "Law on Rural Land contract") and other laws have many restrictions on the transfer of the right to contract and manage land. The regulations are in urgent need of revision. Perfect. On the one hand, because the main body of rural land ownership is not clear in practice, the transfer procedure of land contract management right is extremely irregular, and the settlement mechanism of land transfer dispute is not perfect. In order to serve the land transfer market, the intermediary organizations and the social security system are extremely scarce, to a certain extent, the rural land transfer market is chaotic; on the other hand, The law of our country has not confirmed the "land contract right" and "the land management right", and the regulations of the land circulation mode are confused, all of these have greatly damaged the scientific nature and rigor of the law of our country. Through the field investigation on the pilot area of "two-oriented society" construction reform in Hunan Province, the Zhaoshan demonstration area of Xiangtan, combined with the policy theory of "three rights division" put forward by the central government, In view of the problems existing in the transfer of the land contractual management right in our country at present, it is pointed out that in the future China should speed up the perfection of the land contract management right system: on the one hand, it is necessary to speed up the work of confirming the right of land management. The system of collective ownership of rural land should be put into practice; on the other hand, it is necessary to improve the relevant land laws and regulations as soon as possible, and make clear the connotation and legal status of "land contract right" and "land management right". At the same time, in practice, it is necessary to constantly explore the establishment of various mechanisms matching the land circulation, such as giving full play to the service functions of intermediary organizations, To establish and improve diversified dispute resolution, improve the rural social security system and so on. The reform must be carried out in accordance with the law. It is necessary to regulate the rural land circulation effectively and guide the rural land circulation into a healthy, orderly and virtuous development track, which is the inevitable requirement for our country to run the country according to law. After the reform of agricultural land, our country will gradually perfect the circulation system of land contract management right from the aspects of legislation and practice.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.32

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