基于民生保障的吸引渔民入籍三沙对策研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 19:25

【摘要】：中国自古以来就在南海开展捕鱼、航海贸易等活动,对南海地区拥有无可争辩的主权。但长期以来,越南、马来西亚、菲律宾等周边国家不断对我国南海进行争夺、侵占,严重侵犯了我国领土主权。面对越南、马来西亚等国的日益猖獗的侵略行为,我国必须采取一定措施维护我国南海主权。2012年7月三沙设市是国家维护南海主权的一项重大举措,成立后,三沙市政府即迅速开展行政管理工作,2013年启动三沙居民落户工作,但因为渔民不愿放弃原户籍地土地所有权和分配权、征地分红等各方面利益,以及三沙市交通、教育、医疗、水电油气供应、通信等民生保障设施建设还很薄弱,社保制度尚未建立,三沙就业渠道单一等各方面问题,导致居民落户工作收效甚微。为加强三沙市行政管理,推进渔民落户三沙,笔者经过走访三沙各岛礁渔民,查阅大量资料等基础上,对渔民不肯迁入三沙户籍这一问题进行综合分析研究,提出相应的对策建议,具有较强的理论意义和现实价值。在结构上,文章从绪论到结语,一共六个部分。绪论主要介绍了三沙设市这一主要背景,同时介绍了文章选题的内容和意义,相关概念及理论基础和开展论文研究工作的重难点及解决方案；第二部分阐述了三沙市民生基础设施建设情况、户籍人口现状以及渔民入户三沙户籍的必要性；第三部分对渔民不肯迁入三沙市户籍的原因进行深入分析,提出收入减少、交通、医疗、教育、通信等民生保障设施建设不完善,社保制度未建立,三沙就业渠道单一等问题导致渔民不肯迁户籍到三沙；第四部分比较分析三沙市与马尔代夫的相同及差异,阐述马尔代夫在发展旅游、休闲渔业、完善民生保障设施、强化环境保护方面的经验与做法,带给三沙市在发展旅游、完善民生保障设施建设及环境保护方面的启示；在此基础上,第五部分结合马尔代夫成功经验及中国国情和三沙市地理位置特殊性提出完善三沙市民生保障的对策建议,以促进渔民迁入三沙户籍；结语则从总体上对文章分析的问题做出结论。总体上,文章认识到三沙市政府加强行政管理与居民入籍意愿不强烈之间的矛盾,为化解这些矛盾,三沙市应制定政策,采取措施,解决民生保障不健全的问题,消除渔民后顾之忧,最终自愿入户三沙。文章在选题、研究方法和资料收集等方面,也存在着如下新意和特色。(1)选题较为新颖。文章分析阐述三沙市民生保障设施建设方面的问题,在此之前,尚无人研究此项内容。论文在材料的选取上,注重实践中政策措施的特殊化处理,以及由此给论文论证提供的新材料,紧密跟踪现有政策制度,以确保研究的与时俱进。(2)跨学科研究方法的运用。本文系理论结合实际的应用性研究。理论上以公共管理学、社会学、民生保障、户籍管理、公共政策分析等知识作为支撑,结合三沙市行政管理管理和民生保障的实际情况,以现状分析、调查研究和比较研究的方式进行系统分析,结合本人的知识储备和工作经验进行研究,提出自己的观点,使研究的结论具有科学性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, China has carried out fishing and maritime trade activities in the South China Sea, and has indisputable sovereignty over the South China Sea. However, for a long time, Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines and other neighboring countries have constantly contested and occupied the South China Sea, seriously violating China's territorial sovereignty. Since the establishment of Sansha City in July 2012, the Sansha Municipal Government has been carrying out administrative work rapidly. In 2013, the Sansha Residents settled down to work, but the fishermen are reluctant to give up the land ownership and distribution rights of their original place of origin. The benefits of land requisition, transportation, education, medical treatment, hydropower, oil and gas supply, communications and other livelihood security facilities in Sansha City are still weak, the social security system has not yet been established, and the employment channels in Sansha are single and so on, resulting in little effect on the settlement of residents. On the basis of visiting the fishermen on Sansha islands and reefs and consulting a large amount of data, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the fishermen's refusal to immigrate to Sansha and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, which is of great theoretical and practical value.
The introduction mainly introduces the main background of setting up Sansha as a city, the content and significance of the topic, the related concepts and theoretical basis, and the key and difficult points and solutions to carry out the research work of the paper. The second part expounds the construction of Sansha citizens'living infrastructure. The third part analyzes the reasons why fishermen refuse to move to Sansha city, and points out that the construction of people's livelihood security facilities such as income reduction, transportation, medical treatment, education and communication is imperfect, the social security system is not established, and the employment channel is single, which leads to the reluctance of fishermen to move. The fourth part compares and analyzes the similarities and differences between Sansha City and Maldives, elaborates Maldives'experiences and practices in developing tourism, leisure fishery, improving people's livelihood security facilities and strengthening environmental protection, and brings enlightenment to Sansha City in developing tourism, improving people's livelihood security facilities and environmental protection. On this basis, the fifth part combines the successful experience of Maldives and China's national conditions and the geographical location of Sansha City to put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to improve Sansha's livelihood security, so as to promote the migration of fishermen to Sansha's household registration; the conclusion draws conclusions from the overall analysis of the article.
In general, the article recognizes the contradiction between the government's strengthening of administration and the residents'willingness to naturalize. In order to resolve these contradictions, Sansha City should formulate policies and take measures to solve the problem of unsound livelihood security, eliminate fishermen's worries, and finally voluntarily enter Sansha. There are also some new ideas and characteristics as follows. (1) The topic is relatively novel. This paper analyzes and expounds the problems of Sansha's public life security facilities construction. Before this, no one has studied this content. Tracking the existing policies and systems to ensure that research keeps pace with the times. (2) The application of interdisciplinary research methods. The situation is analyzed systematically by the way of current situation analysis, investigation and comparative study, combined with my knowledge reserve and work experience, and put forward my own views, so that the conclusions of the study are scientific and feasible.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D67;D631.42

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