中国特色社会保障体系中的公平问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 11:12

【摘要】：社会保障体系的目标是最大限度的追求公平，在整个社会实现公平。因此，健全和完善社会保障体系，可以促进社会成员之间的和谐共处，并且有利于公平的实现。自我国改革开放以来，伴随着市场经济的不断形成与发展，社会保障体系虽已基本建立却仍然很不完善，不能很好地发挥作用来维护整个社会的公平覆盖范围，因此必须将社会保障的制度进行优化设计，并且通过立法途径来提高社会保障的统筹层次，扩大社会保障覆盖面，使我们国家的社会保障体系建设能够加快速度，努力使社会保障体系能够覆盖城乡居民，，使全体人民能够共享社会发展成果。建设社会保障体系以及对其加强完善的前提条件是坚持保证公平。就目前来看，中国的社会保障体系存在一些问题，比如城乡之间的社会保障的发展存在着不平衡性，农村的社会保障发展的比较滞后，大多数的弱势群体无法享受最基本的社会保障，而且在不同的地区和单位之间也存在着社会保障水平差距过大的现象。基于这些问题，本着坚持公平的原则，社会保障体系亟需改革和完善，优化和完善社会保障的管理体制，可以将养老保险以及医疗保险作为主要方面着手，进一步的改善其他各种社会保险和福利水平,并且扩大社会保障的覆盖面,建立以公平为主体的具有中国特色的社会保障体系。首先对公平的定义和特征进行界定，对马克思主义经典作家关于公平的思想加以阐释，以及中国共产党领导集体对于马克思主义公平思想的继承和发展进行了梳理，从而为中国特色社会保障体系研究奠定了理论基础；在此基础上论述了中国特色社会保障体系的基本原则与主要功能，阐明了社会保障体系对于社会发展的意义以及与公平之间的联系；接着剖析了在当前社会保障体系中存在的公平问题，并且深入分析存在这些公平问题的原因，诸如社会保障覆盖范围不平衡、社会保障管理体制不完善、社会保障法律体系不健全，以及政府职能在社会保障中的局限性；最后对如何建设以公平为主体的中国特色社会保障体系的途径进行了探讨：构建科学的社会保障体系，才有利于促进整个社会的公平，使广大人民群众的切实利益得到公平的保障。
[Abstract]:The goal of social security system is to pursue fairness to the maximum extent and to realize fairness in the whole society. Therefore, improving and perfecting the social security system can promote the harmonious coexistence among the members of the society, and is conducive to the realization of fairness. Since China's reform and opening up, with the continuous formation and development of the market economy, although the social security system has been basically established, it is still very imperfect, and can not play a good role to safeguard the fair coverage of the whole society. Therefore, we must optimize the design of the social security system, improve the overall level of social security through legislative channels, expand the coverage of social security, and speed up the construction of our country's social security system. Efforts will be made to enable the social security system to cover urban and rural residents and to enable all people to share in the fruits of social development. The prerequisite for the construction and improvement of social security system is to ensure fairness. At present, there are some problems in China's social security system. For example, the development of social security between urban and rural areas is uneven, and the development of social security in rural areas is lagging behind. Most vulnerable groups can not enjoy the most basic social security, and there is a phenomenon that the gap of social security level between different regions and units is too large. Based on these problems, in line with the principle of fairness, the social security system urgently needs to be reformed and improved, and the management system of social security can be optimized and perfected. The pension insurance and medical insurance can be taken as the main aspects. Further improve other kinds of social insurance and welfare level, and expand the coverage of social security, and establish a social security system with Chinese characteristics with equity as the main body. First of all, it defines the definition and characteristics of fairness, explains the Marxist classical writer's thought on fairness, and the CPC leadership group carding out the inheritance and development of Marxist fair thought. Therefore, it lays a theoretical foundation for the study of social security system with Chinese characteristics. On this basis, the basic principles and main functions of the social security system with Chinese characteristics are discussed, and the significance of the social security system to the social development and the relationship between the social security system and equity are expounded. Then it analyzes the equity problems existing in the current social security system, and deeply analyzes the reasons for these problems, such as the imbalance of the coverage of social security, the imperfect management system of social security. The legal system of social security is not perfect, and the limitation of government function in social security; Finally, the paper discusses how to construct the social security system with Chinese characteristics, which takes equity as the main body: only by constructing a scientific social security system, can we promote the fairness of the whole society. So that the practical interests of the broad masses of the people are fairly protected.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D632.1

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