文本与历史:近代以来文献学与历史学的分合

发布时间：2019-08-16 09:35

【摘要】：在中国古典学术的门类体系中,文献学与历史学一直处于混沌不分的状态。"五四"以后,以胡适、顾颉刚等为代表的史料学派承袭乾嘉汉学之余绪,专心于古籍文献的考辨整理,成就一种文籍考订之学。这种文献学范式蔚为民国时期史学研究的主流。但文献学并未完全吞噬和覆盖历史学。20世纪以来梁启超等尝试以进化论和文明史观重构中国历史,关注焦点在历史客体、历史进程本身,这就塑造了一种新历史、新史学。然而,文献学与历史学的胶合不分,产生了严重的流弊。直至1980年代,二者才真正实现分流自治。在新的格局之下,古籍整理空前活跃,自立门户的文献学一度鼎盛;历史学则由社会史占主导,回归以人为中心、以社会生活为中心的正途。文献学与历史学开始缔结起一种分途发展、相辅相成、和谐共存的良性互动关系。
[Abstract]:In the category system of Chinese classical academic, philology and history have always been in a state of chaos. After the May 4th Movement, the school of historical materials, represented by Hu Shi and Gu Jiegang, inherited the rest of Qianjia Sinology and devoted itself to the textual research and collation of ancient books and documents, and achieved a kind of textual examination of ancient books. This kind of philology paradigm became the mainstream of historiography research in the Republic of China. However, philology has not completely swallowed up and covered history. Since the 20th century, Liang Qichao and others have tried to reconstruct Chinese history with the theory of evolution and the view of civilization history, focusing on the historical object and the historical process itself, which has shaped a new history and a new historiography. However, the combination of philology and history has produced serious disadvantages. It was not until the 1980 s that the two really realized diversion autonomy. Under the new pattern, the collation of ancient books is more active than ever, and the philology of establishing its own door is once prosperous, while history is dominated by social history and returns to the right way of taking people as the center and social life as the center. Philology and history began to conclude a benign interactive relationship of separate development, complementary and harmonious coexistence.
【作者单位】：山东大学文史哲研究院;
【分类号】：K092

【共引文献】