从欧洲难民危机探析欧盟移民政策的现实困境和改革方向

发布时间：2018-04-02 09:04

本文选题：欧盟　切入点：欧洲一体化　出处：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：因其殖民历史、地理位置和对劳动力的大量需求,欧洲在二战后成为了大量移民的输入地。在欧洲一体化的过程中,超国家层面的移民政策也取得了诸多成果,逐渐形成了欧洲共同移民政策。然而2015年以来大量难民涌入欧洲,欧盟难以采取有效措施,陷入了决策困境。在此背景下,本文回顾了欧洲一体化在移民和难民领域的发展历程。从1985年签订《申根条约》开始,欧洲共同移民政策的进展艰难且缓慢。直至现在,欧盟仍然和其成员国共同享有在移民领域的决策权限,并且后者发挥着主导作用。自难民危机爆发以来,欧盟和成员国仍未能就危机采取统一的应对方案,难民危机愈演愈烈。在难民危机的管理中,欧盟所制定的难民分摊方案、欧土难民协议等政策工具在实际运作中失灵。此外,难民危机在其他领域的"外溢效应"使整个欧洲一体化的前景都蒙上了阴影。为了对难民危机的解决以及政策的改革提供有效建议,本文对欧盟移民政策框架进行了一次全面、深入的评估,探寻决策困境背后欧盟移民和难民政策存在的结构性缺陷。依据"政策循环"的思路,本文对议程设置、政策制定和执行评估这三个决策环节分别进行了分析。在此基础上,本文尝试提供一些未来发展的改革建议。这不但可以帮助欧盟决策者迅速采取措施解决难民危机,同时也将为欧盟移民政策的长期发展与改革提供参考。
[Abstract]:Because of its colonial history, geographical location and massive demand for labor, Europe became an importer of large numbers of immigrants after World War II. In the process of European integration, supranational immigration policies also yielded many results. A common European immigration policy has gradually been formed. However, with the influx of refugees into Europe since 2015, the European Union has been in a difficult position to take effective measures and become a decision maker. This paper reviews the development of European integration in the field of immigration and refugees. Since the signing of the Treaty of Schengen in 1985, the progress of the European Common Migration Policy has been difficult and slow. The European Union and its member states still share decision-making powers in the field of migration, and the latter play a leading role. Since the outbreak of the refugee crisis, the European Union and member States have failed to adopt a unified response to the crisis. The refugee crisis intensified. In the management of the refugee crisis, policy instruments such as the European Union's refugee sharing scheme and the Europe-Turkey Refugee Agreement have failed in practice. The "spillover effect" of the refugee crisis in other fields has cast a shadow over the prospect of European integration. In order to provide effective advice on the solution of the refugee crisis and policy reform, this paper makes a comprehensive study of the European Union's immigration policy framework. To explore the structural shortcomings of EU immigration and refugee policies behind the decision-making dilemma. According to the idea of "policy cycle", this paper sets the agenda. On the basis of this, this paper tries to provide some reform suggestions for future development. This will not only help EU decision makers to take prompt measures to resolve the refugee crisis. At the same time, it will also provide a reference for the long-term development and reform of EU immigration policy.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D815.6;D814.1

【相似文献】