全球环境治理中的合作困境及出路研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 09:51

本文选题：全球环境　切入点：治理　出处：《西北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,全球环境问题成为国际社会关注的焦点问题。自工业革命以来,环境恶化的影响范围已超出某一国或某一地区而成为全球性问题。环境恶化不但严重威胁到人类的生存,而且由环境问题引发的国际问题对国际社会有很大的影响。在当今,确保环境安全已成为世界各国持续发展战略和对外关系的主要目的之一,同时,确保环境安全也是维护世界和平与稳定的重要方面。所以,全球环境问题的治理迫在眉睫。全球环境的治理需要合作,特别是充当治理主体的主权国家、国际非政府组织、国际政府间组织及跨国公司。只有治理主体的合作,才能保证治理机制的顺利创建及正常运行,才能真正实现全球环境的治理。然而,由于各方在利益等方面的考虑以及治理机制本身存在缺陷,使得合作不如人意。为了突破合作中的种种困境,使合作成为可能,各主体必须在主权国家为中心的治理方式中,各司其职、加强沟通、协商监督并转变观念。只有完善自己,相互制约,才能突破合作中存在的困境,最终使得治理机制能够顺利创建、正常运行。本文第一部分主要论述了环境安全的相关背景及概念、全球治理的概念特征、全球环境问题及特征和全球环境治理的内涵,用层层递进的方法阐释一些概念。本文第二部分主要论述了合作困境中的“囚徒困境”、“公地悲剧”、“集体行动困境”,指出困境存在的原因及破解思路。本文第三部分论述了国家中心主义及各治理主体在全球环境治理中的地位与作用,并指出为了达到真正的合作治理,必须以国家为中心,各治理主体充分发挥在全球环境治理中的比较优势,各司其职,各尽其责,通力合作,最终实现全球环境治理的良好愿望,为世界各国的长远、和谐、可持续发展提供一个良好的环境。
[Abstract]:In recent years, global environmental problems have become the focus of attention of the international community. Environmental degradation has become a global problem beyond a given country or region. Environmental degradation not only poses a serious threat to the survival of mankind, but also has a great impact on the international community as a result of environmental problems. To ensure environmental security has become one of the main objectives of the sustainable development strategy and foreign relations of all countries in the world. At the same time, ensuring environmental security is also an important aspect of maintaining world peace and stability. Therefore, the governance of global environmental problems is urgent. The governance of the global environment requires cooperation, especially from sovereign States, international non-governmental organizations, international intergovernmental organizations and transnational corporations that act as the governing bodies. In order to ensure the smooth establishment and normal operation of the governance mechanism, and to truly realize the governance of the global environment. However, due to the considerations of the interests of all parties and the defects of the governance mechanism itself, In order to break through the difficulties in cooperation and make it possible, all subjects must perform their respective duties, strengthen communication, negotiate, supervise and change their ideas in a way of governance centered on sovereign states. Only by restricting each other can we break through the dilemma in cooperation and finally make the governance mechanism set up smoothly and run normally. The first part of this paper mainly discusses the background and concept of environmental security, the conceptual characteristics of global governance, global environmental problems and characteristics, and the connotation of global environmental governance. The second part of this paper mainly discusses the "prisoner's dilemma", "the tragedy of the common land", "collective action dilemma", and points out the reason of the dilemma and the way of solving it. The third part of this paper mainly discusses the "prisoner's dilemma", "the tragedy of the common land" and "the collective action dilemma" in the second part of this paper. This paper discusses the status and function of national centralism and the main bodies of governance in global environmental governance. It also points out that in order to achieve real cooperative governance, we must take the country as the center, give full play to the comparative advantages of the various governing bodies in global environmental governance, perform their respective duties, do their own duty, and cooperate with each other. Finally, to realize the good wish of global environmental governance, to provide a good environment for the long-term, harmonious and sustainable development of all countries in the world.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D815;X32

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