日本对中亚的政府开发援助研究

发布时间：2018-11-29 09:25

【摘要】：政府开发援助(ODA)是日本对发展中国家外交的重要手段,是其外交战略的重要支柱。自中亚五国独立以来,日本通过ODA不断加强与中亚五国关系。本文主要回答三个问题:日本为何援助中亚?日本如何援助中亚?日本对中亚ODA对中国对外援助有何启示?首先,本文使用开发援助的“动因”来分析日本援助中亚的目的。日本对中亚的ODA一方面通过支援中亚地区的稳定和发展,为日本创造一个良好的国际环境,这是“以国际公共利益为志向的动因”;另一方面又通过影响中亚国家的政策选择,使中亚国家在国际事务中采取有利于日本的立场,这是“以援助国的国家利益为志向的动因”。其次,本文考察了日本对中亚ODA的实施体制和过程。经过60多年的ODA实施历程,日本形成了一套相对成熟和稳定的援助实施体系,为ODA的有效性提供了重要保障。尽管日本对中亚ODA仍存在一些不足,但总体上有效支援了中亚国家的经济社会发展,也使日本在中亚赢得了良好的国家形象。最后,本文从战略性和有效性两个方面总结了日本对中亚ODA对中国对外援助的启示。在增强援助战略性方面,中国需要提高对外援助的战略决策与协调能力;提高对外援助的战略规划能力;提高对外援助的战略动员能力。在增强援助有效性方面,中国应尊重受援国的自主性,提高受援国的参与度;建立一套科学的对外援助评价体系;加强对外援助的理论研究和人才培养。
[Abstract]:Government Development Assistance (ODA) is an important means of Japan's diplomacy to developing countries and an important pillar of its diplomatic strategy. Since the independence of the five Central Asian countries, Japan has strengthened its relations with the five Central Asian countries through ODA. This paper mainly answers three questions: why is Japan aiding Central Asia? How can Japan help Central Asia? What enlightenment does Japan have to the Central Asian ODA to China's foreign aid? Firstly, the purpose of Japanese aid to Central Asia is analyzed by using the motivation of development aid. On the one hand, by supporting the stability and development of Central Asia, Japan's ODA to Central Asia creates a good international environment for Japan, which is "motivated by the ambition of international public interest". On the other hand, by influencing the policy choices of the Central Asian countries, the Central Asian countries take a favorable position in international affairs, which is "the motive of the national interests of the donor countries". Secondly, this paper examines the implementation system and process of ODA in Central Asia by Japan. After more than 60 years of ODA implementation, Japan has formed a relatively mature and stable aid implementation system, which provides an important guarantee for the effectiveness of ODA. Although Japan still has some shortcomings to ODA in Central Asia, it has effectively supported the economic and social development of Central Asian countries and won a good national image in Central Asia. Finally, this paper sums up the enlightenment of Japan's ODA to China's foreign aid from strategic and effective aspects. In the aspect of strengthening the aid strategy, China needs to improve its foreign aid strategic decision-making and coordination ability, improve its foreign aid strategic planning ability, and enhance its foreign aid strategic mobilization ability. In enhancing aid effectiveness, China should respect the autonomy of recipient countries and increase their participation; establish a set of scientific evaluation system for foreign aid; strengthen the theoretical research and talent training of foreign aid.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D831.3

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