联合国在冲突后国家的选举援助

发布时间：2019-07-16 13:02

【摘要】：选举援助是冷战后联合国在"建设和平"领域兴起的一项重要活动。由于参与角色的差异,联合国在冲突后国家的选举事务当中发挥的作用大为不同。联合国的选举援助意在达成两项目标:确保作为和平协议之一部分的大选顺利推进,减少因选举引发的纠纷和暴力冲突;协助冲突后国家建立基本的选举制度并发展其自主的选举能力。为达成这两项目标,联合国主要在三个领域当中发挥重要作用:选举进程的推动、选举暴力的抑制、选举制度的建立及其能力培育。联合国对冲突后国家的选举援助有助于大选的平稳推进及选后的政治转型,对其选举制度的建立和能力培育也能发挥一定的作用。不过,这种以支助某次大选为特征的选举援助也存在一些缺陷。
[Abstract]:Electoral assistance is an important activity of the United Nations in the field of peace-building after the Cold War. Due to differences in participation roles, the role of the United Nations in electoral affairs in post-conflict countries is very different. United Nations electoral assistance is intended to achieve two objectives: to ensure the smooth progress of the general elections as part of the peace agreement, to reduce electoral disputes and violent conflicts, and to assist post-conflict countries in establishing basic electoral systems and developing their autonomous electoral capacity. In order to achieve these two goals, the United Nations plays an important role in three areas: the promotion of the electoral process, the suppression of electoral violence, the establishment of the electoral system and the cultivation of its capacity. The electoral assistance of the United Nations to post-conflict countries is helpful to the smooth promotion of the general election and the political transformation after the election, and can also play a certain role in the establishment of its electoral system and the cultivation of its ability. However, this electoral assistance, characterized by support for a general election, also has some shortcomings.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院国际关系研究所;
【基金】：教育部哲学社会科学发展报告建设项目《联合国发展报告》(11JBGP030) 上海社科院国际关系研究所所级招标课题《非洲发展议题与美国援助》的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D813.2

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