精神性存在的让渡:旧京的庙会与庙市

发布时间：2018-04-17 20:40

本文选题：旧京 + 庙会　；参考：《民俗研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：有城墙区隔的旧京是一座与农耕文明相匹配的乡土性城市。这种乡土性既体现在对土地敬畏的神圣性之中,更体现在家、街、城同构性的空间美学。不仅宫、观、庙、庵、坛、祠、寺等以不同的阶序密布旧京,对民众而言,供奉碧霞元君的"三山五顶"还拱卫着京师。西直门内大街这样普通的街巷也有着有"九龙二虎"之称的众多小庙。曾经普遍存在的四大门信仰使得旧京众多的家居空间同样多少具有"庙"的性质。与此相连,旧京的庙会是一种与旗人闲适典雅的日常生活相连接,并集中呈现日常生活,展现个体价值的精神性存在。在以西方为标杆的近现代化历程中,旧京必然性地经历了去神化和对以敬拜为核心的庙会的污名化历程。庙会整体性地衰减为彰显人力与物欲的庙市,沦为一种物化性的存在。随着21世纪以来的非物质文化遗产运动,庙市又向庙会进行了有限度的回归。
[Abstract]:The old Beijing with walls is a rural city matched with farming civilization.This kind of rural soil is not only reflected in the sanctity of awe of land, but also in the space aesthetics of homogeneity of home, street and city.Not only the palace, view, temple, nunnery, altar, temple, temple with different order dense old Beijing, to the public, the Bixia Yuan Jun's "three mountains five tops" also arched to guard the capital teacher.Xizhimen Street such an ordinary street also has the "Kowloon two Tigers," known as many small temples.The Four-Gate belief that once existed made the numerous living space in Old Beijing also have the nature of "temple".Connected with this, the temple fair in Old Beijing is a kind of spiritual existence which is connected with the leisure and elegant daily life of the flag people, and focuses on presenting the daily life and showing the individual value.In the process of modernization with the western as the benchmark, the old Beijing inevitably experienced the dedeification and the stigmatization of the temple fair with worship as the core.The temple fair decays into the temple market which displays the manpower and the material desire, degenerates into a materialized existence.With the movement of intangible cultural heritage since the 21 st century, the temple city is returning to temple fair in a limited way.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学文学院;北京师范大学生活文化传承研究中心;
【基金】：“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助”的北京师范大学自主科研基金项目“都市民俗学视野下地位群体的日常生活研究”(项目编号:SKZZB2015032) 国家社会科学基金项目“北平燕京大学、辅仁大学的民间文学及民俗学研究(1937-1949)”(项目编号:14BZW153)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K892.24

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