宣纸的生产性保护问题研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 15:23

【摘要】：作为中国文房四宝之一、传统手工纸的典型代表,宣纸自诞生至今已拥有上千年的历史。因其纸质洁白、柔软细腻、不易蛀蚀的特点,宣纸也获得了“纸中之王”、“千年寿纸”的美誉。宣纸起于唐朝,历代相沿,现在的主要产地位于安徽省宣城市泾县。自诞生以来的千余年时光中,宣纸的制作工艺依然在沿袭着老祖宗传下来的古法流程。这些流程多以人力手工进行操作,且细节上未曾发生过多变化。在近年来,由于大众书写习惯的改变,在新兴产业迅速发展、传统行业日渐凋敝的社会情况下,曾经繁盛一时的宣纸行业也开始逐渐式微。为此,中国政府和宣纸企业开始对宣纸技艺进行生产性保护工作,以重新振兴宣纸行业的发展。本文在第一部分首先对有关于宣纸行业和非物质文化遗产的生产性保护的相关研究成果进行了梳理。文章首先从历史变迁、发展现状、保护传承和行业发展四个部分回顾了宣纸行业的相关文献,又从定义、实践措施和实践中遇到的困难三个方面简单整理了非物质文化遗产的生产性保护方面的研究成果。同时,作者对文章所采用的研究方法和主要研究点——安徽省宣城市泾县的大致情况在第一部分作了简要介绍。在第二部分,文章详细记述了宣纸的历史发展情况和宣纸的制作流程。作者简要回顾了由东汉蔡伦发明“蔡侯纸”作为起点,至唐朝宣城所造纸张被列为皇室指定贡品、宋末明初曹氏一族迁居小岭、明清时期宣纸业发展繁荣、再到最后建国以来政府对宣纸行业的发展扶持的宣纸业的发展历史,然后分为备料和制纸两大部分对宣纸制造技艺至今仍在坚持的古法流程进行了展示。在文章的第三部分,作者对我国非物质文化遗产的生产性保护实践工作的发展现状,以及宣纸行业的生产性保护实践工作的状况进行了阐述和梳理,指出目前存在的问题的同时根据从业者和专家的意见提出了可行化建议。
[Abstract]:As a typical representative of traditional handmade paper, Xuan paper has a history of thousands of years since it was born as one of the four treasures of Chinese literature. Because of its white paper, soft and delicate, not easy to decay, Xuan paper also won the "king of paper", "Millennium paper" reputation. Xuan paper began in the Tang Dynasty, along successive dynasties, now the main place of production in Xuancheng County, Anhui Province. Since the birth of more than a thousand years, Xuan paper production technology is still following the old ancestors down the ancient process. Most of these processes are manually operated, and details do not change too much. In recent years, due to the change of popular writing habits, in the rapid development of new industries, the traditional industry is gradually declining, once prosperous Xuan paper industry began to decline gradually. Therefore, the Chinese government and Xuan paper enterprises began to protect Xuan paper technology productively in order to revitalize the development of Xuan paper industry. In the first part of this paper, the related research results about the productive protection of Xuan paper industry and intangible cultural heritage are combed. Firstly, the paper reviews the relevant literature of Xuan paper industry from four parts: historical change, development status, protection, inheritance and industry development, and then defines it from the perspective of historical changes, development status, protection, inheritance and industry development. The practical measures and the difficulties encountered in practice have simply arranged the research results on the productive protection of intangible cultural heritage. At the same time, the author gives a brief introduction to the research method and the main research point, Jingxian County, Xuancheng, Anhui Province in the first part. In the second part, the paper describes the historical development of Xuan paper and the production process of Xuan paper in detail. The author briefly reviews the "Cai Hou Paper" invented by Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty as the starting point, and the paper made by Xuancheng in the Tang Dynasty as a tribute designated by the royal family. The Cao family moved to Xiaoling in the late Song Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, and the Xuan paper industry developed and flourished during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Then since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the development history of Xuan paper industry which the government supported by the government, then divided into two parts: preparation and paper making. In the third part of the article, the author expounds and combs the status quo of the productive protection practice of intangible cultural heritage in China and the productive protection practice of Xuan paper industry. This paper points out the existing problems and puts forward some feasible suggestions according to the opinions of practitioners and experts.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K892.2

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