非物质文化遗产保护中“动物使用”的伦理困境

发布时间：2019-05-28 23:25

【摘要】：依托联合国教科文组织这一国际平台,许多国家通过引入《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的对话精神与可持续发展理念,在全球化与现代化的语境下开展地方性与民族性的文化遗产保护实践工作。然而在本土化过程中,由于各国民众的自然观与文化观不尽相同,在不同层面的申报与保护工作中有不少涉及动物的"非遗"项目面临着文化多样性与动物保护之间的冲突或困境,而"文化多样性"与"生物多样性"这两种内在价值在实践中存在着选择的优先性问题也由此得以彰显。立足于"非遗"保护的工作实践属性,当涉及特殊物种资源时,无论是基于《保护非物质文化遗产公约》精神,还是人类自身的创造性,文化应该适当让渡于动物资源保护;当涉及动物处理方式是否恰当的问题时,我们应该充分理解《保护非物质文化遗产公约》所蕴含的"人类共享"与"可持续性发展"两项基本原则,丰富各国民众在文化与生态选择上的多样性。通过实践《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的核心精神,拥有不同文化理念的社区或许能够重新建立起文化交流的"巴别塔"。
[Abstract]:Relying on the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as an international platform, many countries have introduced the spirit of dialogue and the concept of sustainable development of the Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, Carry out the practice of local and national cultural heritage protection in the context of globalization and modernization. However, in the process of localization, because the views of nature and culture of the people in various countries are not the same, In the declaration and protection work at different levels, many "non-legacy" projects involving animals are faced with conflicts or dilemmas between cultural diversity and animal protection. The two intrinsic values of "cultural diversity" and "biodiversity" have the priority of choice in practice. Based on the practical attribute of "intangible heritage" protection, when special species resources are involved, whether based on the spirit of the Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage or the creativity of human beings, culture should be properly transferred to the protection of animal resources. When it comes to the appropriateness of animal treatment, we should fully understand the two basic principles of "human sharing" and "sustainable development" contained in the Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, Enrich the diversity of cultural and ecological choices of people in various countries. By practicing the core spirit of the Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, communities with different cultural ideas may be able to re-establish the Babel Tower of cultural exchange.
【作者单位】：中山大学中国语言文学系;
【分类号】：G112

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