山西襄汾木匠工艺与习俗调查研究

发布时间：2019-05-29 09:36

【摘要】：山西省襄汾县位于临汾盆地南部,陶唐氏在这里观象授时,教民稼穑,为百工技艺的萌芽创造了条件,木匠在这样的人文环境中诞生。木匠技艺贯穿于民众生活的各个方面,在长期的发展过程中,木匠不仅能熟练地掌握和使用工具进行木工活计,还在行业内形成了特定的行规和习俗,木匠技艺成为当地民众习俗的活态展示。本文通过田野调查与文献研究相结合的方法,以襄汾木匠群体为研究对象,研究木匠生产、组织形式及与之相关的习俗,对木匠技艺传承与发展做必要思考。传统的行规和习俗是木匠在长期的社会实践中形成的,反映了木匠的做工态度和生活习惯。以手工业性质为基础,木匠的组织结构由家庭手工作坊、流动手工业、市场化手工业、合作化手工业向工场手工业转变,由单一化向多样化发展。木匠技艺通过家族传承、师徒传承、集体组织传承、职业教育传承等方式不断延续,又随着社会发展不断变迁,使得行规、习俗以及与民众生活的关系都发生了变化。木匠不是孤立的行业存在,他们通过行业崇拜与同行联络感情、交流技艺,并通过日常生活的各个方面和人生仪礼的各个阶段参与到民众的日常生活中。伴随着市场经济的发展,木匠与民众生活发生了新的联系,技艺习俗、工匠精神和传统功能都发生了改变,如何适应当下的社会环境成为襄汾木匠应该思考的问题。本文通过对襄汾木匠生存现状的调查,分析变迁产生的原因,并通过对木匠技艺在当代社会存在与发展案例的分析,为民间传统技艺的传承与保护带来启示。
[Abstract]:In that southern part of the Linfen basin, the Shanxi province, in the south of the Linfen basin, Tao Tang's view of the time, the teach of the people, create conditions for the germination of the art of the hundred and art, the carpenter was born in such a human environment. The carpenter's skill runs through all aspects of the people's life. In the long-term development process, the carpenter not only has the skill to master and use the tools to make the work of the woodwork, but also has formed specific rules and customs in the industry, the carpenter's skill becomes the living state display of the local people's custom. This paper, through the combination of field investigation and literature research, takes the carpenter's group as the research object, studies the production of the carpenter, the form of the organization and the related custom, and makes the necessary thinking about the inheritance and development of the carpenter's technique. The traditional rules and customs are formed by the carpenter in the long-term social practice, reflecting the work attitude and living habits of the carpenter. On the basis of the nature of the handicraft industry, the structure of the carpenter's organization is changed from the household manual workshop, the flow handicraft industry, the market-oriented handicraft industry and the cooperative handicraft industry to the workshop handicraft industry, and is developed by the singleness to the diversification. The art of the carpenter, through the inheritance of the family, the inheritance of the master, the inheritance of the collective organization, the inheritance of the vocational education, and so on, has changed with the changing of the social development, so that the rules, customs and the relationship with the people's life have changed. The carpenter is not an isolated industry, and they are engaged in the daily life of the people through the various stages of daily life and the various stages of life. Along with the development of the market economy, the carpenter and the people live a new connection, the technical custom, the craftsman's spirit and the traditional function have changed, how to adapt to the present social environment become the problem that the carpenter should think about. Through the investigation of the current situation of the survival of the carpenter's carpenter, this paper analyzes the causes of the change, and gives some enlightenment to the inheritance and protection of the folk traditional art through the analysis of the carpenter's skill in the present social existence and the development case.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K892.2

【参考文献】