跨文化交际中的“行为定型”研究
发布时间:2019-06-14 04:33
【摘要】:随着世界经济的迅速全球化和不同语言文化共同体之间的频繁交往,民族文化的个性问题开始凸显,跨文化交际问题也越来越受到学者们的重视。21世纪以来,许多人文科学领域展开了对跨文化交际问题的研究,包括文化学、传播学、社会学、语言文化学、民族心理学等。各学科从不同角度研究影响跨文化交际的因素,如外语语言能力、民族文化传统、社会体制和民族心智特点等,但其目标是共性的——探寻避免和消除跨文化交际障碍的方法和策略。 跨文化交际是具有不同语言文化共同体成员之间所实施的交际行为。行为是民族文化的一面镜子,一个民族的文化特点必然会反映到其行为中,成为该民族特有的行为定型。近10年以来,学者们开始注意到跨文化交际中民族“行为定型”的存在,把不同民族的行为定型特点看作是造成跨文化交际误解与障碍的重要原因。我们在认同上述论点的同时认为,要想避免跨文化交际的失败,不仅需要了解特定情境下的民族行为定型特点,还应探究形成这些定型特点的深层因素,如民族心智、该民族通常遵循的行为规则和规范等。 在我国的高校俄语教学中,跨文化交际知识作为俄罗斯民族文化的一部分一直以消极被动的方式进行授课,即通过介绍语言文化涵义和传统文化信息的形式,并用这些信息知识来阐释俄罗斯民族的交际行为特点。我们认为,要想让学生真实地掌握所学语言文化共同体的交际行为特点,首先应有效地掌握他们的言语礼节、交际行为准则和禁忌,以及普遍选择的交际话题等具体的交际行为内容,了解其标准交际情境下的行为定型。 本文以语言文化学领域的相关著述为理论依据,研究交际行为的定型问题。通过对俄罗斯人在标准交际情境中言语行为特点的描述,提取俄罗斯民族交际行为的定型特点,例证分析定型行为中的标准和规范,探寻其中蕴含的民族价值观念和心智特点。学习其他民族行为的定型是顺利进行跨文化交际的必备条件,但该问题无论在俄罗斯,还是在我国学界还有待深化研究。该论文不仅可以丰富我国俄语跨文化交际知识教学的内容,对提升俄语学习者的跨文化交际能力具有现实指导意义,同时也是对通过民族行为定型分析来阐述民族心智特点的初步尝试,因此,该选题对跨文化交际问题研究具有理论价值和现实意义。 论文由绪论、正文三章、结论及参考资料六部分构成。在绪论部分主要阐述了论文选题目的,研究对象,研究的理论依据,及其理论与现实意义。论文的第一章是理论部分,综述并分析了国内外跨文化交际研究现状和国内跨文化交际教学的发展状况。我国的跨文化交际研究和跨文化交际知识教学很少涉及交际行为的内容。我们认为,在跨文化交际中具有民族色彩的交际行为定型问题却是影响跨文化交际的重要因素,所以论文的第二章从“行为定型”的角度出发对交际行为和社交礼仪进行了分析,本章选取俄罗斯人的几个典型的社交情境,提取并分析他们交际行为的定型特点;论文的第三章分析并阐述影响俄罗斯民族行为定型的深层因素,如交际意识、交际标准和规范,进而归纳其中折射出的一些民族心智特点;基于以上论证我们得出结论:定型永远具有民族性;每个民族都有自己的行为定型;行为定型研究对克服跨文化交际障碍和阐释民族心智具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid globalization of the world economy and the frequent communication among the various linguistic and cultural communities, the individual problem of the national culture is beginning to be highlighted, and the cross-cultural communication problem is becoming more and more important to the scholars. Since the 21st century, Many studies on cross-cultural communication have been carried out in many fields of human science, including culture, communication, sociology, language and culture, national psychology and so on. The various subjects study the factors that influence the cross-cultural communication, such as the language ability of the foreign language, the national cultural tradition, the social system and the national mental characteristics, but the goal is to seek to avoid and eliminate the methods and strategies of cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication is a communication line between members with different language and cultural communities The behavior is a mirror of the national culture, and the cultural characteristics of a nation must be reflected in its behavior and become the characteristic of the nation. Since the last 10 years, scholars have begun to pay attention to the existence of national "behavior setting" in cross-cultural communication, and consider the characteristics of the behavior of different nationalities as an important source of the misunderstanding and the obstacle of cross-cultural communication. In recognition of the above-mentioned arguments, we believe that to avoid the failure of cross-cultural communication, it is not only necessary to understand the characteristics of ethnic behavior in a specific situation, but also to explore the deep factors that form these stereotypes, such as the national mind, the rules of conduct and the norms that the people usually follow. In our country's Russian-language teaching, the cross-cultural communication knowledge as part of the Russian national culture has been taught in a passive and passive way, that is, through the introduction of the cultural meaning of the language and the traditional cultural information Form, and use these information to explain the communication line of the Russian nation. In order to make the students master the communicative behavior of the language and culture community, we should be able to master the language etiquette, the communicative code of conduct and the taboos, as well as the communication topics and so on. For content, understand the lines in their standard communicative context This paper is based on the related works in the field of language and culture, and studies the communication behavior. Through the description of the characteristics of the speech act in the standard communication situation of the Russian people, the setting characteristics of the Russian national communication behavior are extracted, the standard and the standard in the analysis and setting behavior are exemplified, and the national values contained therein are explored. The study of other national behaviors is a prerequisite for the smooth and cross-cultural communication, but the problem is in Russia or in the academic circle of our country. The paper not only can enrich the content of the cross-cultural communication knowledge teaching in Russian, but also has a practical guiding significance for improving the cross-cultural communication ability of the Russian learners. Therefore, this topic is of theoretical value to the study of cross-cultural communication The paper is composed of the introduction, the three chapters, the conclusion and the reference. The main part of the introduction is the research object, the theoretical basis of the research, and the theoretical basis of the study. The first chapter of the thesis is the theoretical part, and the current situation of cross-cultural communication and the cross-cultural communication in China are reviewed and analyzed. The development of the teaching of cross-cultural communication and the teaching of cross-cultural communication are very few. The content of communication behavior is the main factor that influences the cross-cultural communication in the cross-cultural communication, so the second chapter of the thesis is the communication behavior and the social communication from the perspective of the "behavior setting". In this chapter, some typical social situations of the Russian people are selected to extract and analyze the shaping characteristics of their communication behavior. The third chapter of the thesis analyses and expounds the deep factors that affect the behavior of the Russian nation, such as the communication consciousness, The communication standards and norms, in turn, induce some of the national mental characteristics reflected in it; on the basis of the above, we have concluded that the setting will always be of the nationality; each nation has its own behavior shaping; the behavior setting study will overcome the cross-cultural communication obstacle and the interpretation of the national mind
【学位授予单位】:首都师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2014
【分类号】:G05
本文编号:2499104
[Abstract]:With the rapid globalization of the world economy and the frequent communication among the various linguistic and cultural communities, the individual problem of the national culture is beginning to be highlighted, and the cross-cultural communication problem is becoming more and more important to the scholars. Since the 21st century, Many studies on cross-cultural communication have been carried out in many fields of human science, including culture, communication, sociology, language and culture, national psychology and so on. The various subjects study the factors that influence the cross-cultural communication, such as the language ability of the foreign language, the national cultural tradition, the social system and the national mental characteristics, but the goal is to seek to avoid and eliminate the methods and strategies of cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication is a communication line between members with different language and cultural communities The behavior is a mirror of the national culture, and the cultural characteristics of a nation must be reflected in its behavior and become the characteristic of the nation. Since the last 10 years, scholars have begun to pay attention to the existence of national "behavior setting" in cross-cultural communication, and consider the characteristics of the behavior of different nationalities as an important source of the misunderstanding and the obstacle of cross-cultural communication. In recognition of the above-mentioned arguments, we believe that to avoid the failure of cross-cultural communication, it is not only necessary to understand the characteristics of ethnic behavior in a specific situation, but also to explore the deep factors that form these stereotypes, such as the national mind, the rules of conduct and the norms that the people usually follow. In our country's Russian-language teaching, the cross-cultural communication knowledge as part of the Russian national culture has been taught in a passive and passive way, that is, through the introduction of the cultural meaning of the language and the traditional cultural information Form, and use these information to explain the communication line of the Russian nation. In order to make the students master the communicative behavior of the language and culture community, we should be able to master the language etiquette, the communicative code of conduct and the taboos, as well as the communication topics and so on. For content, understand the lines in their standard communicative context This paper is based on the related works in the field of language and culture, and studies the communication behavior. Through the description of the characteristics of the speech act in the standard communication situation of the Russian people, the setting characteristics of the Russian national communication behavior are extracted, the standard and the standard in the analysis and setting behavior are exemplified, and the national values contained therein are explored. The study of other national behaviors is a prerequisite for the smooth and cross-cultural communication, but the problem is in Russia or in the academic circle of our country. The paper not only can enrich the content of the cross-cultural communication knowledge teaching in Russian, but also has a practical guiding significance for improving the cross-cultural communication ability of the Russian learners. Therefore, this topic is of theoretical value to the study of cross-cultural communication The paper is composed of the introduction, the three chapters, the conclusion and the reference. The main part of the introduction is the research object, the theoretical basis of the research, and the theoretical basis of the study. The first chapter of the thesis is the theoretical part, and the current situation of cross-cultural communication and the cross-cultural communication in China are reviewed and analyzed. The development of the teaching of cross-cultural communication and the teaching of cross-cultural communication are very few. The content of communication behavior is the main factor that influences the cross-cultural communication in the cross-cultural communication, so the second chapter of the thesis is the communication behavior and the social communication from the perspective of the "behavior setting". In this chapter, some typical social situations of the Russian people are selected to extract and analyze the shaping characteristics of their communication behavior. The third chapter of the thesis analyses and expounds the deep factors that affect the behavior of the Russian nation, such as the communication consciousness, The communication standards and norms, in turn, induce some of the national mental characteristics reflected in it; on the basis of the above, we have concluded that the setting will always be of the nationality; each nation has its own behavior shaping; the behavior setting study will overcome the cross-cultural communication obstacle and the interpretation of the national mind
【学位授予单位】:首都师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2014
【分类号】:G05
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