宽恕中的同龄效应研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 19:47

  本文选题：宽恕　切入点：同龄效应　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国从古至今都讲究以和为美,但有人的地方就有关系,有关系就会有冲突。随着我国老年化进程的不断加快,社会上关于老年人的冲突事件也引发了大家的强烈关注(公交车让座事件、碰瓷事件(赵彦,2016;乔新生,2016)),不断有人提出是老人变坏了,还是坏人变老了等相对消极的想法,这容易造成社会群体的对立、人际间的不信任和社会的不和谐。而宽恕是解决冲突的有效途径,它不仅可以维护、修复人际关系,同时还可以扩大社会支持网络、提高生活满意度。目前关于宽恕的研究主要集中在青少年和大学生,以老年人为研究对象的非常少,且主要集中在探讨老年人的自我宽恕方(Ebrahimi,Azkhosh,Froughan,Dolatshahee,Shoaei,2015)。已有研究发现,宽恕存在年龄差异,即老年人比年轻人更加愿意宽恕,宽恕水平更高(Cheng,Yim,2008)。但现有研究只是单独从被冒犯者的角度比较其宽恕水平的差异及差异的原因,没有考虑冒犯者的年龄在其中的影响。宽恕中的同龄效应是指在冒犯事件中,相比于年老的冒犯者,年轻人更加愿意宽恕与自己年龄相仿的冒犯者;相比于年轻的冒犯者,老年人更加愿意宽恕与自己年龄相仿的冒犯者。宽恕中的同龄效应研究,首先将研究对象拓展到了冒犯者,为研究宽恕提供新的视角;其次,揭示宽恕中的同龄效应,可以为我们有效利用这效应,改善和恢复消极的社会氛围,减少攻击行为和增加亲社会行为提供帮助。本研究总共包括三个部分:研究一通过改变不同情境故事中冒犯者的年龄信息,探讨老年人和年轻人宽恕水平的差异,以及老年人与年轻人对待同龄和异龄冒犯者时是否存在同龄效应;研究二通过Cyberball实验范式启动被冒犯的情绪,进一步探讨面对不同年龄的冒犯者,老年人与年轻人是否存在同龄效应。研究三回溯自己生活中的冒犯事件,探寻在已经发生的冒犯事件中,被试对宽恕事件的处理是否存在同龄效应。结果发现:(1)老年人存在宽恕的同龄效应,即:老年人面对年轻与年老的冒犯者时,更加愿意宽恕与自己年龄相仿的冒犯者。(2)年轻人没有发现宽恕的同龄效应,即:年轻人面对年轻与年老的冒犯者时,不存在宽恕的年龄差异。(3)总体上老年人比年轻人宽恕水平更高。(4)冒犯者是老年人时,年轻人与老年人在宽恕水平差异显著,老年人比年轻人更加愿意宽恕老年人;年轻人与老年人面对年轻人冒犯者时,宽恕差异不显著。(5)老年人对待年轻人与老年人的宽恕态度差异比年轻人更严重,程度更深,年轻人差异不显著。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, China has emphasized the beauty of harmony, but there is a relationship between the places where there are people, and there will be conflicts. As the process of aging in China continues to accelerate, The social conflict over the elderly has also aroused strong concern (bus seats give up, porcelain bumps) (Zhao Yanwei 2016; Qiao Xinghuang 2016). Some people have repeatedly raised the relatively negative idea of whether the elderly have gone bad, or whether the bad people are getting old, and so on. This can easily lead to social groups' antagonism, interpersonal distrust and social disharmony. Forgiveness is an effective way to resolve conflicts, not only to maintain and repair relationships, but also to expand social support networks. Improve life satisfaction. The current research on forgiveness is mainly focused on adolescents and college students, with very few on the elderly, and mainly on the self-forgiveness of the elderly, Azkhohimi Froughan Froughan Dolatshahee Shoaeiji.There are some findings. There are age differences in forgiveness, that is, older people are more willing to forgive than young people, and the level of forgiveness is higher than that of young people. The peer effect of forgiveness is that in an affront, young people are more willing to forgive offenders of their own age than older offenders; they are more likely to forgive offenders of their own age than young offenders, Older people are more willing to forgive offenders of the same age. The peer effect of forgiveness is first extended to offenders to provide a new perspective for the study of forgiveness; secondly, it reveals the same age effect in forgiveness. For us to effectively use this effect, to improve and restore the negative social atmosphere, Reducing aggression and increasing pro-social behaviour help. This study consists of three parts: study one, which explores the differences in forgiveness levels between the elderly and the young by changing the age information of offenders in different situations. And whether there is the same age effect in the treatment of the same age and different age offenders between the aged and the young. Study 2, using the Cyberball experimental paradigm to stimulate the offended mood, and further explore the different age offenders, Whether older people and young people have the same age effect. The results showed that the elderly had the same age effect of forgiveness, that is, when they faced young and old offenders, they had the same age effect of forgiveness. Young people are more willing to forgive offenses of their own age.) Young people do not find the same age effect of forgiveness, that is, when young people face young and old offenders, There is no age difference of forgiveness. (3) on the whole, the forgiveness level of the elderly is higher than that of the young. 4) when the offenders are the elderly, there are significant differences between the young and the elderly, and the elderly are more willing to forgive the elderly than the young. There was no significant difference in forgiveness between young people and old people facing offenders. (5) the difference of forgiveness attitude between young people and old people was more serious and deeper than that of young people, but there was no significant difference in young people.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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