厌恶与悲伤情境图片诱发负性情绪的脑电机制差异探索

发布时间：2018-03-31 16:54

本文选题：情境诱发　切入点：负性情绪　出处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2015年06期

【摘要】：进化心理学认为消极情境可能危及生存,常引发回避动机,对人体机能与心理素质皆有重要影响。厌恶与悲伤情境均能够诱发出负性情绪,但对两者诱发负性情绪过程中的注意力捕获和情绪认知差异尚缺乏了解。本研究选用典型悲伤、厌恶情境图片,设计了两组负性情绪诱发实验,并采集了15位青年学生(7男8女,年龄27岁±3岁)观看情境图片时的32导头皮脑电数据,提取了各导联事件相关电位(ERP)信号。通过对厌恶和悲伤情境图片所诱发ERP信号进行配对样本t检验,得到两种图片下ERP信号有统计学差异的时段;并根据两ERP信号在差异时段内均方根差值绘制脑地形图,得到差异空间分布。结果显示:悲伤与厌恶情境图片所诱发ERP差异主要体现在前中期T1(120~450ms)和晚期T2(800~1 000ms)两个时段;悲伤图片在T1时段主要激活了枕叶,反映了注意力的获取,而厌恶图片在T1时段不仅激活了枕叶,也高度激活了前额叶,反映出明显的情绪感知;厌恶与悲伤图片在T2时段都激活了前额叶,但厌恶图片所诱发ERP不仅在前额叶,也在顶叶表现出更强的情绪感知力。以上研究结果将对加深负性情绪认识以及探索负性情绪诱发的深层认知神经学机制有所启示。
[Abstract]:Evolutionary psychology believes that negative situations may endanger survival, often lead to evasive motivation, and have important effects on both human function and psychological quality. Both disgust and sadness can induce negative emotions. However, there is a lack of understanding of the differences in attention capture and emotional cognition in the process of inducing negative emotions. In this study, two groups of negative emotion inducing experiments were designed, using typical pictures of sad and disgust situations. Data of 32 lead scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) were collected from 15 young students, 7 males and 8 females, aged 27 卤3 years. Event-related potential (ERP) signals were extracted from each lead. By paired t-test of ERP signals induced by disgust and sad situation images, the time of ERP signals in the two kinds of images was significantly different. According to the root mean square difference (RMS) of the two ERP signals, the spatial distribution of the difference was obtained. The results showed that the difference of ERP induced by sad and distasteful images was mainly reflected in the first and middle period of T1O120 (450 Ms) and the late stage of T2200000 (1000 Ms). Sad images mainly activated occipital lobe in T1 period, which reflected the acquisition of attention, while loathing images not only activated occipital lobe, but also highly activated prefrontal lobe in T1 period, which reflected obvious emotion perception. The images of loathing and sadness activated the prefrontal lobe at T2 time, but the ERP induced by loathing images was not only in the prefrontal lobe, but also in the prefrontal lobe. The above results will be helpful to deepen the understanding of negative emotions and explore the deep cognitive neural mechanism induced by negative emotions.
【作者单位】：中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金仪器专项资助(81127003) 天津市科技支撑计划重点项目资助(12ZCZDSY02000)
【分类号】：B842.6

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