注意对面孔识别中年龄偏差的调节

发布时间：2019-06-14 06:39

【摘要】：人们对同龄面孔的知觉和记忆绩效要优于他龄面孔,这被称为面孔识别的年龄偏差.本研究通过操纵注意条件来考察注意资源是否会影响年龄偏差,并进一步探讨其机制.实验1采用听觉和视觉分心任务,考察成人被试在不同注意条件下对成人面孔和儿童面孔的再认绩效差异.结果发现,被试在完全注意条件下,出现了年龄偏差;而在分配性注意条件下,年龄偏差消失.实验2引入组合面孔任务检验了注意资源对于面孔整体加工水平的影响.结果发现在完全注意条件下,被试仅对同龄的面孔进行整体加工;而分配性注意条件下,被试对同龄及他龄面孔都无法进行整体加工.研究结果提示,相比他龄面孔,人们对同龄面孔能更有效地利用注意资源,这种利用表现在对同龄面孔的整体加工上.
[Abstract]:The perception and memory performance of faces of the same age is better than that of faces of his age, which is called the age deviation of face recognition. In this study, we investigated whether attention resources affected age deviation by manipulation of attention conditions, and further explored its mechanism. In experiment 1, auditory and visual distractions were used to investigate the performance difference of adult faces and children's faces under different attention conditions. The results showed that under the condition of complete attention, the subjects had an age deviation, while under the condition of distributed attention, the age deviation disappeared. In experiment 2, the combined face task was introduced to test the influence of attention resources on the overall face processing level. The results showed that under the condition of complete attention, the subjects only processed the faces of the same age, while under the condition of distributed attention, the subjects could not process the faces of the same age and his age. The results suggest that people can make more effective use of attention resources for faces of the same age than those of his age, which is manifested in the overall processing of faces of the same age.
【作者单位】：浙江理工大学心理学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31371032) 浙江省自然科学基金(LY16C090005,LQ16C090003,LY13C090005) 教育部人文社会科学研究项目(15YJC190022) 浙江省社会科学联合会(2011N090) 浙江理工大学521人才培养计划资助
【分类号】：B842.3

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