西汉初年徭役制度——由张家山汉简《奏谳书》“毋忧案”说起

发布时间：2018-01-29 22:54

  本文关键词： 奏谳书 屯戍 正卒 践更 过更　出处：《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2014年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：张家山汉简《奏谳书》毋忧案记载西汉初年蛮夷男子毋忧因徭屯问题受到起诉并因乏军兴被腰斩。西汉初"徭"是不包括屯戍在内的狭义徭役,仅指劳役而言,屯戍是兵役。服兵役者统称为正卒,"一岁屯戍"即"一岁以为卫士","一岁力役"即"一岁而以为材官骑士";普通劳役者为更卒,其中践更指亲自服役,包括在本县服役与到外地服役两类,过更是出钱雇人代自己服役。如淳所言更三品"卒更"、"践更"、"过更"实际上只有两品——"践更"与"过更"。西汉初无爵士伍傅籍年龄为二十岁,二十三岁转入正卒,只至免老才能免于徭役和兵役。
[Abstract]:Zhang Jiashan Han Bamboo slips "Zhe Shu" did not worry about the case recorded in the early Western Han Dynasty, barbarian men were not worried about being prosecuted because of the problem of keeping taxes and chopped down because of the lack of military service. In the early Western Han Dynasty, "taxes" was a narrow sense corvee, which did not include garrison, and only referred to servitude. Garrison is military service. The general name for the military service is "one year old garrison", that is, "one year old garrison as a guard", "one year old servitude" that is, "one year old as a material officer knight"; Ordinary servitude is more of a pawn. Among them, Jian even refers to serving in person, including serving in this county and serving in other places, and paying even more to hire someone to serve on his own behalf. As Chun put it, more "pawns" and "Jian more". In fact, there were only two articles-Jian Gan and Yu Gan. In the early Western Han Dynasty, the age of Sir Wu Fu was 20 years old, and 23 years old turned to a regular soldier, and only when he was old could he be exempted from corvee and military service.
【作者单位】： 江西师范大学历史文化与旅游学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科青年基金项目“张家山汉简《奏谳书》与秦汉相关问题研究”(编号:10YJC770084) 江西师范大学青年成长基金项目“西汉初期法律文书格式与诉讼程序研究”
【分类号】：K234.1
【正文快照】： 毋忧案是张家山汉简《奏谳书》中所记的第一个案例,发生在汉高祖十一年(公元前196年),该案宗记云:十一年八月甲申朔己丑,夷道介丞嘉敢(嫗)之。六月戊子v|弩九奵男子毋a，

本文编号：1474568