汉文帝“除诽谤妖言诏”发覆

发布时间：2018-02-13 06:25

本文关键词： 诽谤祝诅沈家本汉文帝中华书局武帝时期行为史记顾炎武公元前　出处：《史学月刊》2014年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：正关于汉初法律中的诽谤妖言,学界普遍认为,文帝二年(公元前178年)废除了"诽谤妖言"之法。然而,既然废除了该法,为何武帝时期又出现大量诽谤妖言案呢?对此疑问,沈家本认为:"文帝特诏除之,可谓盛德。而其后复设,大约在武帝时张汤之徒造作苛法。"(沈家本:《历代刑法考》,中华书局1985年版,第1415页)他认为文帝废除"诽谤妖言法"后,在武帝时期有过一次"复设"行为,并把矛头直指张汤、赵禹。对于沈氏的说解,学界多信从。然而,武帝复设其法,于史无征,却兴起了一系列整治"祝诅"、"巫蛊"的案件。由此看来,"诽谤妖言"在文帝至武帝期间的兴废情况及其所反映的政治文化和社会习俗,仍有颇多未发之覆,本文尝试对其加以探讨。
[Abstract]:As for the slander of evil words in the law of the early Han Dynasty, it is generally believed that Emperor Wendi abolished the law of "slander of evil words" in two years (178 BC). However, since the law was abolished, why did there be a large number of cases of slander of evil words in the period of Emperor Wu? In response to this question, Shen Jiaben thought: "the special edict of Wen Di can be described as Sheng de." (Shen Jiaben: an examination of the Criminal Law of the past dynasties), Zhonghua Bookstore, 1985. (page 1415) he believes that after Emperor Wen abolished the "Defamation Law", he had a "reinstatement" act during the period of Emperor Wu, and directed his spearhead at Zhang Tang and Zhao Yu. However, a series of cases concerning the rectification of "curse" and "witchcraft" have arisen. From this point of view, there are still quite a lot of unwritten cases about the rise and abolition of "slander" during the period from Emperor Wen to Emperor Wu, as well as the political culture and social customs reflected therein. This paper tries to discuss it.
【作者单位】：湖南大学岳麓书院;
【分类号】：K234

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