孝文帝改革以后的北魏社会与法制

发布时间：2018-02-21 02:52

  本文关键词： 政治文化 门阀 礼法结合 地方结构 社会变迁　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会的需要带动法制的发展,法制的发展变化也反映着社会的发展变化。二者通常在时时发生的社会变迁中进行互动。当社会变迁以快速的、剧烈的形式表现出来,譬如改革和革命发生时,变迁往往在短时间内涉及到政治、经济、文化以及社会组织和社会生活的大多数方面。法制也应对变迁做出相关调整。有时法制的调整是在变迁发生之前,以配合变迁并推动变迁。有时是在变迁之后,对变迁的影响和结果进行进一步规范和引导。 孝文帝改革是在大量法律的推动下进行,通过建立相应的法律制度,发布相关的法律和政策,对社会结构、社会关系、意识形态进行大规模的改造,以激进的方式进行社会变迁。发布法令是为了推动社会变迁,社会变迁的过程也是贯彻法律的过程。本文研究的目的是探讨四个问题:第一,在孝文帝改革中,法律承担何种作用和功能。第二,在孝文帝改革以后,法律对变迁的结果如何调整,法律的调整是否有效,产生什么样的积极结果和消极结果。第三,在社会变迁中是否有法制无法调整或调整结果不理想的社会关系,是什么因素影响法制功能的发挥,这些社会关系由什么力量在调整。第四,法制的目的是维护统治,当社会变迁的方向走向政权的灭亡时,法制与社会之间的互动是什么形式。 本文分为绪论、主体和结论三部分。 绪论部分包括:第一,学术史回顾,简要介绍与本文相关的研究成果。第二,研究思路、研究方法、写作框架、概念的使用和界定,简要介绍本文的写作路线。第三,介绍本选题的意义以及可能的创新之处。 主体部分选择四个主要的角度:政治文化、意识形态、社会结构、历史影响,对孝文帝改革以后的北魏社会和法制进行论述。 关于“政治文化与法制”的第一项讨论是孝文帝改革以诏令形式建立北魏门阀制度之后,法制如何确保门阀制度的运作,以及门阀法律地位的衰落。第二项讨论是行政系统的法制改革。第三项讨论是北魏政治文化中的结党现象以及相关法律制裁。通过上述三项讨论,总结北魏后期政治文化对法制的消极影响。 孝文帝在全社会范围内大力推行礼教,并且将礼引入法制系统。关于“礼教与法制”的讨论分为“礼与刑法的结合”和“礼与司法实践的结合”两部分,分析孝文帝引礼入法的社会效果。 关于“地方社会结构与法制”的讨论,分为“地方社会结构与地方法制”和“地方经济文化结构与秩序”两个部分,分别讨论地方社会的组织构成、经济水平、文化程度如何影响民众对法制的接受,在地方社会中保证秩序或破坏秩序的因素是什么。 关于“北魏社会矛盾与法制状况的历史影响”的讨论,分为“东魏北齐的社会与法制”和“西魏北周的社会与法制”两部分,分别讨论东西政权反思北魏法制的社会功能的得失,进而尝试不同的改革方式,寻找社会变迁的不同出路和法制的发展方向。 主体部分的最后一章“社会变迁中的法制与法律观念”对前文研究进行适当总结,补充说明社会变迁与法制的相互关系。 结论部分对本文主体部分进行总结。
[Abstract]:The needs of the society to the development of the legal system, legal system changes and development also reflects the change of social development. The two usually interact with the social changes always occur. When the social changes at a rapid, dramatic forms, such as reform and revolution, to change in a short period of time to politics. The economic, cultural and most aspects of social organization and social life. The legal changes should also make relevant adjustments. Sometimes the legal adjustment is in transition before, to cope with the changing and promoting change. Sometimes in after the change, to further standardize and guide the influence of changes and results.
Emperor Xiaowen reform is carried out in promoting a lot of law, through the establishment of corresponding legal system, issued relevant laws and policies, social structure, social relations, ideology of large-scale transformation of social change in a radical way. The decree is to promote the process of social change, social change is the implementation of the legal process the purpose of this study is to explore four questions: first, the Emperor Xiaowen reform, the role and function of law. In second, after Emperor Xiaowen reform, how to adjust the legal results of the changes of the legal adjustment is effective, positive and negative results of what kind of results. Third, if there is not legal the adjustment or adjust the unsatisfactory results of social relations in the social changes, what factors affect the legal function of these social relations by what force in the adjustment. Fourth, legal system The purpose is to maintain rule, and when the direction of social change goes to the end of the regime, what is the form of the interaction between the legal system and the society.
This article is divided into three parts: the preface, the main body and the conclusion.
The introduction part includes: first, review the academic history, briefly introduce the research results related to this paper. Second, research ideas, research methods, writing framework, the use and definition of concepts, briefly introduce the writing route of this article. Third, introduce the significance and possible innovations of this topic.
The main part of the selection of four main perspectives: political culture, ideology, social structure, historical influence, discusses on the Northern Wei Emperor Xiaowen reform of society and legal system.
A discussion on "political culture and legal system" is the Emperor Xiaowen reform to form edict established the Northern Wei Dynasty to the family system, how to ensure the legal family system operation, and the legal status of the family decline. The second is the reform of the administrative system of the legal system is discussed. The third is to discuss the phenomenon of conspiracy in the political culture and related legal sanctions three. Through the above discussion, summarizes the negative effects of the later period of political culture in the legal system.
Emperor Xiaowen vigorously promote Confucianism in the context of the whole society, the legal system and ceremony. On the "propriety and law" discussion is divided into "rites and criminal law combination" and "propriety and judicial practice with" two parts, analysis of Emperor Xiaowen of introducing Confucianism into laws and social effect.
Discussion on "the local social structure and legal system", is divided into two parts of society structure and the local legal system "and" local economic and cultural structure and order ", discuss the local social structure, economic level, cultural level how to affect the populace to accept the legal system, in the local society is what factors guarantee order or damage the order.
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本文编号：1520790