明清之际西洋眼镜在中国的传播

发布时间：2018-02-22 20:14

本文关键词： 明清之际西洋眼镜传播　出处：《暨南大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 宋元时期，在中国境Qg即出现了用放大镜阅读小字的早期眼镜，但由于受到科学理论与技术的局限，中国并未因此而发明出现代意义的眼镜。十三世纪末，欧洲发明了可矫正视力的老花眼镜，稍后发明了近视眼镜。入明以后，西洋眼镜经由商人与传教士传入中国。至清朝，一方面，清朝皇帝常常将西式眼镜视为宝物，赏赐给皇亲与大臣，上层阶级之间互赠眼镜也十分流行；另一方面，眼镜在社会中被视为身份的象征，受到读书人的青睐。这就促使西式眼镜在中国逐渐普及。为了满足社会的需求，明万历年间，，福建和广东地区首先开始了仿制，清初许多沿海城镇形成了一定规模的制作眼镜的手工业行业，广州、苏州、杭州等地均已出现相当数量的手工作坊。同时，清廷也在造办处专设“眼镜作”，负责仿制眼镜。随着西方光学理论与技术的引进，中国的眼镜制造业也得到较大的发展，使眼镜不再是珍玩，而成为人们生活中的必需品。
[Abstract]:In the Song and Yuan dynasties, early glasses with magnifying glasses appeared in the territory of China, but because of the limitations of scientific theory and technology, China did not invent glasses of modern significance. In late 13th century, Europe invented presbyopia glasses to correct eyesight, and later myopic glasses. After the Ming Dynasty, Western glasses were introduced into China through merchants and missionaries. On the one hand, Western glasses were often regarded as treasures by the Qing Dynasty's emperors. It is also very popular to give glasses between the upper classes to the royal relatives and ministers. On the other hand, glasses are regarded as a symbol of status in society. In order to meet the needs of the society, in order to meet the needs of the society, in Ming Wanli, Fujian and Guangdong regions first began to copy. In the early Qing Dynasty, many coastal cities and towns formed a certain scale handicraft industry for making spectacles. In Guangzhou, Suzhou, Hangzhou and other places, a considerable number of handmade workshops appeared. At the same time, With the introduction of western optical theory and technology, the manufacturing of glasses in China has also been greatly developed, making glasses no longer a treasure play, but becoming a necessity in people's life.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K248

【引证文献】