重评诸葛亮的历史功过

发布时间：2018-03-24 10:35

本文选题：诸葛亮　切入点：历史功过　出处：《华中师范大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：在汉末三国时代,魏、蜀、吴三国鼎立,而“三国鼎立”的构想者、设计师和工程师就是诸葛亮。诸葛亮用其政治智能和战争谋略,最终完成了“三国鼎立”的构想,辅佐刘备建立了蜀汉,成为蜀汉的开国重臣。但正是这“三国鼎立”的形成,造成了汉末三国时代国家长期分裂局面,而这种分裂局面又直接导致了战争的加剧,这一切给老百姓带来的深重灾难是史所罕见的。不仅如此,其恶劣影响还导致了后来“五胡乱华”的历史混乱局面,使中国再次分裂。本论文从历史人物的角度重新评价诸葛亮,分别从诸葛亮人生奋斗目标的错误、诸葛亮和曹操在长期对抗中各自实施的系列方针政策的比较、诸葛亮制定的战争经济策略对蜀汉百姓造成的深重灾难以及三国无义战等几个方面讨论诸葛亮的历史功过,重论是非。诸葛亮渴望建功立业,辅佐一代明君,作一代贤臣,为此他辅佐刘备打出蜀汉一片天下,却把老百姓拖入了漫长的战火煎熬之中。中国历来的文化观念和历史观念都反对分裂,并极力抨击搞分裂者,但奇怪的是,古往今来,人们却津津乐道于诸葛亮未出草庐已三分天下的史话,殊不知,“三分天下”的实质就是分裂。诸葛亮“联吴抗曹”,亲自导演的赤壁大战最终烧出了三国鼎立的分裂局面,但蜀汉在与曹魏长期的对抗中,无论是政治、经济、文化还是综合国力都显得力不从心。诸葛亮为执行以分裂为宗旨的三国鼎立,在蜀汉实行的是“全民皆兵”的战争经济政策,对蜀汉百姓进行了残酷的压榨,特别是对少数民族的剥削更是空前残酷,这一切最终使得蜀汉经济崩溃,人口锐减不足原来的十分之一,并导致了蜀汉仅有42年的短命历史。汉末三国时代的辽阔大地就是一个战场,而大大小小的战役带给百姓的,除了灾难还是灾难,其惨烈程度不但在中国历史上亘古未见,即使在世界史
[Abstract]:In the era of the late Han Dynasty and Wei, Shu, Wu kingdoms, and the concept of "Three Kingdoms", designers and engineers is Zhu Geliang. With its political intelligence and war strategy of Zhu Geliang, the final completion of the concept of "Three Kingdoms", assisted Liu Bei established the Shu, Shu became founding minister. But it is this "Three Kingdoms", resulting in the late Han Dynasty era national long-term split situation, and this division situation has led to war intensifies, all these bring to the people of disaster is rare in the history. Moreover, its adverse effects also led to the subsequent "five random Hua" in the history of chaos so, Chinese split again.
This paper evaluates Zhu Geliang again from the angle of historical figures, from the Zhu Geliang life goal error comparison between Zhu Geliang and Cao Cao in the long-term confrontation to implement their own policies, economic development of the war strategy of Zhu Geliang Shu people caused by deep and difficult to hit three evil and so on several aspects to discuss Zhu Geliang's historical contribution, heavy the theory is wrong.
Zhu Geliang is eager to make contributions, helping a generation monarch for the generation of Xian Chen, so he assisted Liu Bei hit Shu a world, but the people into a long war torment. China has always been the cultural values and historical concepts oppose separatism, and strongly criticized separatism, but the strange thing is, from ancient to modern times. It is not a delight in Zhu Geliang "has three of the world history, everyone knows that the essence of" three world "is split.
Zhu Geliang "Wu Kangcao", the director for Chibi war eventually burned out of the split situation of Three Kingdoms, but with Long Wei Shu in the confrontation, whether political, economic, cultural and comprehensive national strength have appeared to be inadequate.
Zhu Geliang was executed to split for the purpose of the Three Kingdoms, in the implementation of the "soldier of the war on the economic policy, people were brutal oppression, especially for ethnic exploitation is more and more cruel, all this makes the final the economic collapse, the population less than 1/10, and resulted in Shu only 42 years of ephemeral history.
The vast land in the late Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms era is a battlefield, and the great and small battles brought to the people, besides disasters or disasters, their tragic degree is not seen in Chinese history, even in world history.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：I207.413;K236.2

【引证文献】