从王梵志诗看唐代下层民众的生活和心态

发布时间：2018-04-13 10:14

本文选题：王梵志诗 + 下层民众　；参考：《河北师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 王梵志是唐初的白话诗人,他创作的数百首五言白话诗真实记录了唐代下层民众的生活和心态状况,展示了下层民众的鲜活的时代图景。本文就前人已整理的王梵志诗集,试从中分析唐代下层民众的真实生活、探究佛教对唐代下层民众人生观的影响、唐人的家庭和婚姻观念以及他们的教育原则和处世方法,另外分析了当时社会下层民众的生活百态和凡人心态,以图窥见唐初繁荣的背后,下层民众的真实生活和心态。本文共分五部分: 第一部分研究佛教思想影响下的下层民众的人生观。王梵志诗的许多作品打上了佛教的印记,不难看出佛教对作者的深刻影响。隋唐时期,佛教风靡整个社会,下层民众也大多崇奉,王梵志作为下层民众的一员,其作品有大量宣扬佛教思想的诗作。本部分考察佛教对下层民众的影响及其原因,反映了下层民众在苦难的生活中厌生乐死的人生观。第二部分分析了唐代下层民众的真实生活。王梵志诗从社会底层观察生活,写出了大量反映劳动人民生活的诗作,捕捉了广泛的社会矛盾,揭露了深刻的社会问题,本部分考察唐初租庸调制度下,农民所受到的经济剥削和政治压迫。第三部分研究王梵志诗所透露的唐代下层民众的婚姻观和家庭生活。受山东旧族高门嫁女、娶妇重财现象的影响,唐代农民在子女婚姻问题上也普遍重功名、重钱财、求富贵。而在家庭生活上,唐代婚姻和家庭制度在捍卫礼教与解决社会风尚之间存在矛盾性,一方面,儒家传统伦理纲常在社会上有深层次的影响;另一方面在政治清明、社会开化的环境下,人们冲破礼教束缚,大胆开放地追求幸福和情感满足,导致了婚姻制度的矛盾性和家庭文化的复杂性。第四部分研究唐人的教育观念和处世原则。王梵志诗反映了受上层社会科举取士的影响,唐人普遍遵循读书至上、以求取功名为目的的教育原则;受儒家思想的影响,社会上奉行遵守礼节、注重传统道德规范的处世原则。第五部分研究王梵志笔下的颠倒众生。王梵志诗的一大特色就是运用讽刺戏谑的笔调把世间的三教九流及社会的各种病态现象展示给读者,他笔下各色人物的行为和心态发人深省,值得品读。
[Abstract]:Wang Fanzhi is a vernacular poet in the early Tang Dynasty. His hundreds of five-character vernacular poems truly record the life and mentality of the lower classes of the Tang Dynasty, and show the vivid times of the lower class.On the basis of Wang Fanzhi's poems collected by his predecessors, this paper tries to analyze the real life of the lower classes of the Tang Dynasty, to explore the influence of Buddhism on the outlook on life of the lower class of the Tang Dynasty, the concept of family and marriage of the Tang people, and their educational principles and methods of handling the world.In addition, it analyzes the life of the lower class and the mentality of mortals, in order to get a glimpse of the real life and mentality of the lower class behind the prosperity of the early Tang Dynasty.This paper is divided into five parts:The first part studies the outlook on life of the lower class under the influence of Buddhism thought.Many works of Wang Fanzhi's poems bear the mark of Buddhism, and it is not difficult to see the profound influence of Buddhism on the author.During the Sui and Tang dynasties, Buddhism swept the whole society and most of the lower class worshipped. As a member of the lower class, Wang Fanzhi's works had a large number of poems advocating Buddhism thought.This part examines the influence of Buddhism on the lower class and its causes, reflecting the life outlook of the lower class.The second part analyzes the real life of the lower class of Tang Dynasty.Wang Fanzhi's poems observe life from the bottom of society, write a large number of poems that reflect the life of the working people, capture extensive social contradictions and expose profound social problems.The economic exploitation and political oppression of peasants.The third part studies the marriage view and family life of the lower class of Tang Dynasty revealed by Wang Fanzhi's poems.Under the influence of the phenomenon of marrying women and paying attention to wealth, peasants in Tang Dynasty also attached great importance to their fame, wealth and wealth in the marriage of their children.In the family life, the marriage and family system of the Tang Dynasty has the contradiction between defending the etiquette education and solving the social custom. On the one hand, the Confucian traditional ethical principles have deep influence on the society; on the other hand, in the political Pure Brightness,In the environment of social civilization, people break the shackles of ritual education and pursue happiness and emotional satisfaction boldly and openly, which leads to the contradiction of marriage system and the complexity of family culture.The fourth part studies the educational concept and principles of the Tang people.Wang Fanzhi's poems reflected the influence of the imperial examination of the upper class, and the Tang people generally followed the educational principle of "reading first and seeking fame and merit." influenced by Confucianism, the people in the Tang Dynasty followed the principle of observance of etiquette.Pay attention to the traditional moral principles of the world.The fifth part studies the inversion of sentient beings in Wang Fanzhi's works.One of the features of Wang Fanzhi's poems is to show the readers the world's three schools of education and all kinds of morbid phenomena in the society by using the sarcastic style of writing. The behavior and mentality of the various characters in his works are thought-provoking and worthy of reading.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：I207.22;K242

【引证文献】