论宋代地方政治中的“上交谄”和“足上供”现象

发布时间：2018-04-15 06:30

本文选题：宋代 + 地方政治　；参考：《史学集刊》2013年03期

【摘要】：唐末五代藩镇割据的前车之鉴,使赵宋王朝对中央集权高度重视。将其置于关系国家长治久安的政治高度,更促成了中央集权等级授职体制在宋代的空前强化。在此体制下,地方官员的权力来自中央的授予,升迁降黜也由中央决定。在切身利益的驱使下,向皇帝、中央政府和官员负责,满足中央政府和官员的非理和非法需要,成为宋代地方官员主要的从政经。伴随着等级授职制的强化,在地方政府内部亦如是。下级官员不尽心地方政务,而以"上交谄"和"足上供"讨好上级为要务。剥下媚上,以图宠擢,成为各级地方官员为政的常态。地方政治中的"上交谄"和"足上供"之风,不仅令地方政风败坏,地方百姓受难,也给赵宋王朝的统治带来了隐患。中央政府对此也时或加以修正遏制,但终究无法根除。
[Abstract]:In the late Tang Dynasty and the five dynasties, the government attached great importance to centralization of power.Placing it at the political level of the long-term stability of the country contributed to the unprecedented strengthening of the centralization system in the Song Dynasty.Under this system, the power of local officials comes from the central government.Driven by vital interests, he was responsible to the emperor, the central government and officials to meet the unreasonable and illegal needs of the central government and officials, and became the main political and economic affairs of local officials in the Song Dynasty.This has been accompanied by a strengthening of the hierarchy, as has been the case within local governments.Lower officials do not devote themselves to local affairs, but to flatter their superiors.Peeling off the flattery, in order to favor promotion, become the normal at all levels of local officials.In local politics, the "friendship" and "sufficient preaching" not only corrupt the local political style, but also bring hidden trouble to the rule of the Zhao and Song dynasties.The central government may sometimes fix it, but it cannot be eradicated.
【作者单位】：四川大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金资助项目“宋代地方政权结构与运作研究”(2012M511927) 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“宋代地方政权结构与运作研究”(12YJC770024) 河北大学历史学科系所科研项目“宋代地方政治”(K201215)
【分类号】：K244;D691

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