唐朝西域防御体系述评
发布时间:2018-04-24 16:37
本文选题:唐朝 + 西域防御体系 ; 参考:《云南师范大学》2008年硕士论文
【摘要】: 西域地区自古就是中原王朝和西部少数民族政权及军事力量的必争之地。唐初在西域,唐的主要敌人是突厥,尤其是西突厥,在平定西域的过程中,唐朝逐步建立起了以内边三州的州县制为基础,以安西四镇为核心的西域防御体系。在高宗、武后时期,吐蕃兴起,成为唐朝在西域的主要对手,双方在西域反复争夺,互有胜负。围绕着安西四镇的弃置,唐朝的西域防御体系逐步发展。开元、天宝年间,随着唐朝国力的增强,唐在西域与吐蕃的争夺中逐步占据上风,此时,大食也逐渐强大,开始东扩,与唐朝发生了正面的冲突。这期间,唐朝涌现了大量杰出的边将,包括高仙芝,封常清,哥舒翰等人,他们在西域征战多年,立下赫赫战功。至安史之乱前,唐在西域占据绝对统治地位,大食放缓东扩的步伐,吐蕃也退回青藏高原。此时,唐朝的西域防御体系最为完整。后“安史之乱”爆发,唐朝为了平叛,抽调了大批精锐边将与边兵到中原地区,使得西域防御空虚。同时更重要的是,由于唐朝的衰弱,西域的众多属国纷纷倒向吐蕃、大食等方,使得唐朝在西域的防御日渐被动,西域防御的体系面临重大挑战。但是唐朝多年积累下来的实力和经验仍然起了重要作用,唐朝在西域仍坚守多年。随着唐朝的日益衰落,唐朝在西域的弱势地位不可避免。最终792年唐在西域的最后一个据点西州失守,唐朝最终被赶出西域,唐朝的西域防御体系瓦解。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, the Western region is the central Plains dynasty and the western minority political power and military power. In the early Tang Dynasty, the main enemy of the Tang Dynasty was the Turkic, especially the Western Turkic. In the process of pacifying the Western region, the Tang Dynasty gradually established the state and county system of the inner three states as the foundation, and took the Anxi four towns as the core of the western region defense system. In Gaozong, the period after Wu, Tubo rose, became the main opponent of Tang Dynasty in the Western region, the two sides repeatedly contested in the Western region, each other win or lose. Surrounded by the abandonment of four towns in Anxi, the western defense system of Tang Dynasty developed step by step. During the period of Kaiyuan and Tianbao, with the strengthening of the national strength of the Tang Dynasty, Tang gradually gained the upper hand in the contest between the Western regions and the Tubo. At this time, the Great Foods became stronger and began to expand eastward, and there was a positive conflict with the Tang Dynasty. During this period, a large number of outstanding generals emerged in the Tang Dynasty, including Gao Xianzhi, Feng Changqing, and Goh Shuhan, who fought in the Western region for many years and made great contributions to the war. Before the Anshi Rebellion, Tang occupied an absolute dominant position in the Western region, Dasu slowed down the eastward expansion, and Tubo retreated to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At this time, the Western region of the Tang Dynasty defense system is the most complete. After the "Anshi Rebellion" broke out, the Tang Dynasty sent a large number of elite troops to the Central Plains in order to counteract the rebellion, which made the Western region defenseless. More importantly, due to the weakening of the Tang Dynasty, many of the Western region's states have turned to Tubo and Daoshi, making the Tang Dynasty's defense in the Western region increasingly passive, and the system of the Western region's defense is facing major challenges. However, the strength and experience accumulated in the Tang Dynasty still played an important role, and the Tang Dynasty remained in the Western region for many years. With the decline of the Tang Dynasty, the weak position of the Tang Dynasty in the Western region was inevitable. In 792, the Tang Dynasty lost its last stronghold in the Western region, and the Tang Dynasty was eventually driven out of the Western region, and the Western region defense system of the Tang Dynasty collapsed.
【学位授予单位】:云南师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2008
【分类号】:K242
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