清朝与日本之间的情报搜集——以清朝入关前后为中心

发布时间：2018-05-20 07:43

本文选题：清朝 + 日本　；参考：《江海学刊》2014年04期

【摘要】：明末清初,素有瑜亮情结的中日两国,彼此极力相互搜集对方的情报,以因应急剧变化的地缘政治格局。结合中国、朝鲜以及日本史料,分析清朝入关之前通过朝鲜的对日情报搜集,以及日本基于唐船风说书的对华情报搜集,不仅呈现了明清鼎革之际中日之间情报攻防的实态,而且折射出当时清朝、朝鲜、日本三国之间复杂而诡谲的利益分野和外交博弈。从更长的历史时段来看,前近代日本对于中国大陆的关注,远远高于"自居天朝"的中国对于作为"撮尔蛮夷"的日本的关注。这种相互认知的不对称状况,无疑对于后来日本和中国的世界认识之分野,乃至面临西方势力的冲击所作出的不同反应,有着无可估量的深远影响。需要注意的是,基于"情报"的历史分析,自上世纪80年代末90年代至今关于异国情报的研究,在日本学界仍然呈现方兴未艾的迅猛势头。对此中国学者如何予以旨趣不同、立场相异的学术因应,或许才是论文更深层次的意义所在。
[Abstract]:In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, China and Japan, known as Yu Liang complex, tried their best to collect each other's intelligence to cope with the rapidly changing geopolitical situation. Based on the historical data of China, North Korea and Japan, this paper analyzes the collection of intelligence on Japan by Korea before the entry of the Qing Dynasty, as well as the collection of intelligence on China by Japan based on the book of the Tang boat style, which not only presents the actual state of intelligence attack and defense between China and Japan during the Ming and Qing dynasties, but also during the period of the Great Revolution between China and Japan. It also reflects the complicated and treacherous division of interests and diplomatic games between the Qing Dynasty, North Korea and Japan. From a longer historical point of view, the premodern Japan paid much more attention to the mainland of China than to Japan as a "barbarian country". This mutual cognitive asymmetry undoubtedly has a profound and inestimable impact on the differences in world understanding between Japan and China and even on the different reactions to the impact of Western forces. It should be noted that, based on the historical analysis of "intelligence", the research on foreign intelligence from the late 1980s to the 1990s is still in the ascendant in Japanese academic circles. How Chinese scholars give different purport and stand different academic response may be the deeper meaning of the paper.
【作者单位】：中国南海研究协同创新中心;南京大学历史学系;
【基金】：教育部人文社科青年基金项目“元明时代的滨海民众与东亚海域交流”(项目号:12YJC770007) 国家社科基金青年项目“‘唐船风说书’译注及研究”(项目号:13CZS020)的阶段性成果南京大学人文基金配套资助中国南海研究协同创新中心的支持
【分类号】：E87;K249

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