两汉豫州官吏统计与分析

发布时间：2018-05-31 15:14

本文选题：两汉 + 豫州　；参考：《郑州大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文主要分成五个部分，如下：第一部分是两汉行政区划与地方各级组织。主要是根据两汉时地方区划将全国分成四个部分，即州、郡(诸侯王国)、县(侯国、邑、道)、乡。并对每一部分的划分及演变情况进行简述。地方组织分成州官、郡官、县官、乡官四级。对每一级机构中官吏分别进行介绍，通过这一部分，首先使我们对两汉时地方行政区划与各级组织有一个整体认识。第二部分是对豫州及其各级官吏概述。这一部分主要对豫州的演变发展情况进行概括，并对其所辖各级官吏进行简述。第三部分是对豫州各级官吏进行分述。这是本文的重点内容，主要从以下四个方面展开论述：州级官吏，主要考察与分析州刺史(牧)。在对州级官吏进行统计与分析之前，将两汉时州的演变及州级官吏的变化与职掌以及州属吏与其长官的关系进行简单梳理。对这些州级官吏进行统计与分析，主要是对官吏的出身及其文化修养、迁转原因及来源、任职时间与业绩、卸任后去向、任职时代等方面进行，并对每方面都认真概括与原因剖析，以便能从中发现某些规律。郡级官吏，在两汉史书及其他资料中，有关郡守的记载是比较多的，太守在两汉大部分时间都是地方最高行政长官，掌“千里之域”治“百万之民”，地方治理好坏及国家统治都与郡守密切相关，故两汉特重郡守，因而在统计与分析郡级官吏时，将重点放在太守与诸侯王相方面，，分析方法与州级官吏基本相同。关于郡佐吏与属吏，也尽可能将其搜集进来，视其影响大小进行分析。县级官吏，重点放在县令长与侯相方面。两汉虽尤重郡守，但对出宰“百里之县”的直接亲民官令长(相)也并不轻视，在统计与分析县级官吏时与州、郡官吏也大致一样。这部分也仍然采用有详有略的方式，通过具体材料加以分析，进一步找出原因与规律。乡级官吏，主要包括乡有秩、啬夫、游徼、亭长。两汉时对这些微秩小吏记载非常少，至于豫州各地乡官更是廖廖无几，无法对其展开分析，故此，这部分内容简略分析。第四部分是对两汉豫州地区的官吏进行总述。从州、郡国、县、乡四级官吏的统计与分析看两汉地方官吏设置情况并对豫州各级官吏在两汉时所处地位进行简述。第五部分是对统计与分析豫州各级官吏的意义进行总结，以期达到“古为今用”的目的。
[Abstract]:This paper is divided into five parts, as follows: The first part is the administrative division of the Han Dynasty and local organizations at all levels. Mainly according to the local division of the Han Dynasty, the whole country is divided into four parts, namely, state, county (feudal kingdom, county (Hou, Yi, Dao, Xiang). And the division and evolution of each part are briefly described. Local organizations are divided into four levels: state, county, county and township. Through the introduction of the officials in each level of organization, first of all, we have an overall understanding of the local administrative divisions and the organizations at all levels in the Han Dynasty. The second part is an overview of Yuzhou and its officials at all levels. This part mainly generalizes the evolution and development of Yuzhou, and briefly describes the officials at all levels under its jurisdiction. The third part is the division of officials at all levels in Yuzhou. This is the main content of this paper, mainly from the following four aspects: State officials, the main investigation and analysis of the history of state thorns. Before the statistics and analysis of the state officials, the evolution of the state during the Han Dynasty, the changes of the state officials and their duties, and the relationship between the state officials and their superiors were simply combed. The statistics and analysis of these state officials are mainly about the origin and culture of the officials, the reasons and sources of their transfer, the time and achievements of their posts, the future after leaving office, the times of their posts, and so on. In order to find some laws, we should summarize and analyze the causes of each aspect carefully. County officials, in the history books of the Han Dynasty and other materials, there are more records about the county guards. During most of the Han Dynasty, Tai-Shou was the chief administrative officer of the local government, who was in charge of the "territory of thousands of miles" and governed "millions of people." Local governance and national rule are closely related to the county guard, so the Han Dynasty attaches great importance to the county guard, so in statistics and analysis of county officials, the emphasis is placed on Tai-Shou and all the kings, and the analytical method is basically the same as that of the state officials. As for county officials and subordinates, they are collected as much as possible and analyzed according to their influence. Officials at the county level, focusing on the county commander and the Marquis side. Although the Han Dynasty especially heavy county guard, but out of the "hundred li county" of the direct pro-people officials (phase) also do not despise, in statistics and analysis of county officials and state, county officials are roughly the same. This part still uses the detailed and brief way, through the concrete material to analyze, further finds out the reason and the rule. Township officials, mainly including the rank of township, Sik Fu, Yu Mah, Pavilion Chang. In the Han Dynasty, there were very few records of these minor officials, and there were very few rural officials in Yuzhou, so they could not be analyzed. Therefore, this part was briefly analyzed. The fourth part is a general description of the officials in Henan region of Han Dynasty. From the statistics and analysis of state, county, county and township officials, this paper analyzes the establishment of local officials in the Han Dynasty and briefly describes the position of all levels of officials in Yuzhou during the Han Dynasty. The fifth part summarizes the significance of statistics and analysis of officials at all levels in Yuzhou in order to achieve the purpose of "using the past for the present".
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K234

【参考文献】