先秦诸子生死观研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 02:37

本文选题：春秋战国 + 先秦诸子　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 生死问题为人生重大的根本问题,故此中国哲人不约而同都关注和重视生死问题,均曾殚精竭智地加以思考与讨论,从而形成了独特的具有丰富内涵的中国生死观。先秦诸子生死观以其丰富的理论内容,深刻的思想内涵,和独特的见解格外醒目地凸现出来,涵盖了生命观、生死价值观以及丧葬祭祀观等诸多内容,为中国乃至世界生死文化宝库书写了不可或缺的一笔,对后世产生了巨大而又深远的影响。本文的目的是运用现代社会学中生死理论来对中国传统生死观进行重新解读和理解。在具体的研究过程中,还采用了从历史学的角度,运用社会学、民俗学和考古学的知识对先秦诸子生死观进行一次较为深入、系统的研究,藉此来观照中国传统生死观的历史和现实存在,并为当今生死学理论提供一种可资利用的历史资源或背景材料。全文共分为三大部分,即:导言、正文和结语。导言主要是阐明本文的目的、研究的意义、研究的方法和基本思路,回顾和综述本课题的研究概况,揭示它们的学术价值。第一章先秦时期对生死的界定。解读先秦文献中的生死话语,并选择了在先秦历史乃至中国历史上有重要影响的“生”、“死”、“命”等生死词汇,加以简要的疏解。先秦时期对生死的态度,大致可分为:“惧死”、“祈死”、“顺死”三种态度。本章的目的是为了便于后文的应用,同时也便于读者对整个文章的把握和理解。第二章先秦生死观产生的的渊源。先秦诸子所处的春秋战国时代,按照通常的说法是封建的土地所有制社会取代奴隶制社会的历史变革时代。从文化学的角度看,则是上古文化向中古文化的转型期。在殷周宗教文化崩溃之后,重建社会的价值信仰和文化秩序是先秦诸子的思想主题。诸子百家纷纷以理性的眼光来反思生死问题,取得了卓越的成就。第三章先秦诸子对生死的哲思。以人物为研究维度,重点研究孔子、孟子、荀子、墨子、老庄和韩非子七位思想家的生死观念,并对儒、道、墨、法家的生死观作了比较研究。第四章对先秦诸子生死观的沉思。对先秦生死观对后世的影响作用进行了简要地阐发,并对其现代价值进行了简要的探讨。结语对本文研究的先秦诸子生死观的基本形态作了总结,并对先秦诸子生死观如何在现代社会显示其价值并发挥其积极作用作了初步的探讨。
[Abstract]:The issue of life and death is the fundamental problem of life and death. Therefore, Chinese philosophers pay attention to the issue of life and death, and all of them have tried their best to think and discuss it, thus forming a unique outlook on life and death with rich connotations in China. With its rich theoretical content, profound ideological connotation, and unique opinions, the life and death outlook of the pre-Qin schools of thought is particularly prominent, covering many contents such as the view of life and death, the value of life and death, the concept of funeral and sacrifice, etc. It has written an indispensable stroke for the treasure house of life and death culture in China and the world, and has had a great and profound influence on later generations. The purpose of this paper is to reinterpret and understand the traditional Chinese view of life and death by using the theory of life and death in modern sociology. In the specific research process, we also used the knowledge of sociology, folklore and archaeology to make a deep and systematic study on the life and death view of the pre-Qin philosophers from the perspective of history, using the knowledge of sociology, folklore and archaeology. In order to observe the historical and realistic existence of Chinese traditional view of life and death, and to provide a useful historical resource or background material for the theory of life and death. The full text is divided into three parts, namely: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction is mainly to clarify the purpose of this paper, the significance of the research, research methods and basic ideas, review and summarize the research situation of this subject, and reveal their academic value. The first chapter is the definition of life and death in pre-Qin period. This paper interprets the words of life and death in the pre-Qin literature, and selects the words of life and death, such as "life", "death" and "fate", which have important influence on the history of pre-Qin and even Chinese history. The attitude of life and death in pre-Qin period can be divided into three kinds: fear death, pray for death and follow death. The purpose of this chapter is to facilitate the application of later articles, and also to facilitate readers to grasp and understand the whole article. The second chapter is the origin of life and death view in pre-Qin Dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn period and warring States period, the feudal land ownership society replaced the slavery society. From the point of view of culture, it is the transition period from ancient culture to middle culture. After the collapse of religious culture in Yin and Zhou dynasties, rebuilding the social value belief and cultural order was the ideological theme of the pre-Qin school of thought. The hundred schools of thought reflect on the issue of life and death with rational eyes, and have made remarkable achievements. The third chapter is the philosophy of life and death. Taking the characters as the research dimension, the author focuses on the concepts of life and death of seven thinkers, Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Mozi, Lao Zhuang and Han Feizi, and makes a comparative study on the views of life and death of Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism and Legalists. The fourth chapter reflects on the view of life and death of the pre-Qin school of thought. This paper briefly expounds the influence of the life and death view of the pre-Qin Dynasty on the later generations and discusses its modern value. The conclusion summarizes the basic form of the life and death view of the pre-Qin philosophers studied in this paper, and probes into how the life and death view of the pre-Qin schools of thought can show its value and play an active role in the modern society.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K225

【引证文献】