唐代刑部尚书的出身阶层与入仕途径

发布时间：2018-09-18 11:36

【摘要】：唐代刑部尚书来源于多个社会阶层。受士族政治余风的影响,绝大多数仍出身地方郡姓,其中半数以上来自于魏晋南北朝以来的士家大族;来自宗室和地方小姓者则为数不多,出身寒门者更属个别。但是,士族政治已渐趋衰落,即便是具有旧士族血统的刑部尚书,也很少通过门荫入仕,而科举考试已经成为他们入仕的主要途径,其中尤以进士科为最。值得注意的是,唐代虽然设立律学馆以培养法学专门人才,科举中又特别设置明法科来选拔法学优秀人才,刑部尚书却并无一人由明法科出身。究其原因在于:律学地位较低,明法科出身者仕途前景不佳,社会风气重视经学文章而轻视律学,来自社会较高阶层的贵族子弟竟逐明经、进士等科而对明法科不屑一顾。
[Abstract]:The Tang Dynasty criminal ministry Shang Shu comes from many social strata. Influenced by the remaining style of the gentry politics, most of them still came from the local county surname, of which more than half came from the taxi family since the Wei, Jin and the Southern and Northern dynasties, but few came from the clan and the local small surnames, and those who came from a humble background were even more isolated. However, the clan politics has gradually declined, even if there is an old pedigree of the department of punishment, they rarely pass through the shadow of the official, and the imperial examination has become the main way for them to enter the office, especially Jinshi. It is worth noting that, although the Tang Dynasty set up a law school to train law professionals, and the imperial examination specially set up Ming law section to select outstanding legal talents, none of them came from Ming law department. The reason is that the position of law is low, the prospect of Ming law students' career is not good, the social atmosphere attaches importance to classics and despises law, and the children of aristocrat from the higher social class actually banish the Ming Jing, Jin Shi and other subjects and disdain the Ming law.
【作者单位】：山东大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(批准号:09YJC770045) 山东大学自主创新基金项目的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D691;K242

【相似文献】