北宋科技思想研究
发布时间：2018-10-08 13:22
【摘要】：北宋科技发展与思想研究主要包含这样两个问题:一是北宋科技何以能够走向中国封建社会的最高峰;二是与这种处于高峰状态的科技成就相适应,北宋的科技思想无疑是丰富多彩的,但它为什么不能成为“近代科技革命”的先导?本文拟从儒释道相互融合的角度,并以北宋诸学派的科技思想内容为基点,试图对上述两个问题作一探讨。 本文共分五章。第一章为绪论,主要界定了科技思想的内涵,简要回顾了北宋之前科技思想发展的历史和我国学界对该问题的研究现状,并对哲学与科学及科学与技术的关系问题作了一些分析;第二章主要讨论了宋初安定学派、图书学派、山外派的代表人物以及《武经总要》和李觏的科技思想,探讨了他们在北宋科技发展史的历史地位和思想价值;第三章是本文的重点之一,也是北宋科技思想发展的鼎盛期,尤其是沈括的出现真正地成就了北宋科技发展的高峰地位,而理学提出了“理”这个哲学和科学思想的新范畴,对于进一步开拓和启迪北宋学者的理性思维具有积极地现实意义;第四章主要探讨了苏颂、唐慎微和李诫的科技思想和科技成就,对北宋后期科技思想发生转变的历史原因作了初步的分析;第五章分两部分,一部分着重对北宋科技思想的特点和价值进行客观评述,另一部分则对北宋科技思想本身所存在的问题进行了一定的剖析,旨在说明北宋科技思想的局限性使它无法承担科技变革的历史重任。 本文写作的基本思路可分三步:第一步,社会经济结构的变革引起整个上层建筑的变革,而北宋科技思想的形成和发展就是这种历史变革的产物;第二步,从上面的前提出发,着力运用唯物史观的基本原理去探讨北宋科技思想发展的客观规律,通过确定的事实向世人展现北宋科技思想的具体发展过程及其所取得的辉煌成就;第三步,运用比较法来明确界定北宋科技思想的历史地位,并得出结论:北宋的科技思想和科技成就不仅领先于同时代的欧洲,而且从总体上看也是我国古代科技思想发展历史的新高峰。
[Abstract]:The development of science and technology and the study of ideology in the Northern Song Dynasty mainly contain two questions: first, why did science and technology of the Northern Song Dynasty go to the highest peak of the feudal society in China; and second, to adapt to this kind of scientific and technological achievements in the peak state. The science and technology thought of the Northern Song Dynasty is undoubtedly rich and colorful, but why can't it become the forerunner of "modern science and technology revolution"? From the angle of the fusion of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and based on the scientific and technological thoughts of various schools of the Northern Song Dynasty, this paper attempts to discuss the above two problems. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly defines the connotation of scientific and technological thought, and briefly reviews the history of the development of scientific and technological thought before the Northern Song Dynasty and the current situation of research on this issue in Chinese academic circles. The second chapter mainly discusses the stability school, the book school, the representative figure of the mountain outpost and the scientific and technological thought of Li Gou and Wu Jing, and the relationship between philosophy and science and technology, the second chapter mainly discusses the stability school, the book school, the representative figure of the mountain outside school, and the science and technology thought of Li Gou. It discusses their historical position and ideological value in the history of the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty, the third chapter is one of the emphases of this paper, and it is also the heyday of the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty, especially the emergence of Shen Kuo has really achieved the peak position of the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty. However, Neo-Confucianism has put forward the new category of philosophy and scientific thought, which has positive and realistic significance for further developing and enlightening the rational thinking of scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty. The scientific and technological thoughts and achievements of Tang Shenwei and Li Jie have made a preliminary analysis of the historical reasons for the transformation of scientific and technological thoughts in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Chapter five is divided into two parts, which focus on the objective comments on the characteristics and value of the scientific and technological thoughts of the Northern Song Dynasty. The other part analyzes the problems existing in the science and technology thought of the Northern Song Dynasty in order to explain that the limitation of the science and technology thought of the Northern Song Dynasty makes it unable to bear the historical responsibility of the science and technology reform. The basic ideas of this paper can be divided into three steps: first, the transformation of the social and economic structure leads to the transformation of the whole superstructure, and the formation and development of the scientific and technological thought of the Northern Song Dynasty is the product of this kind of historical change; the second step, proceeding from the above premise, Try to use the basic principles of historical materialism to explore the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty objective law, through the facts to show the specific development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty and the brilliant achievements of the process; third step, The comparative method is used to clearly define the historical position of the scientific and technological thought of the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is concluded that the scientific and technological thoughts and achievements of the Northern Song Dynasty are not only ahead of the contemporary Europe, And generally speaking, it is also the new peak of the development history of ancient science and technology thought of our country.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K244
本文编号：2256910
[Abstract]:The development of science and technology and the study of ideology in the Northern Song Dynasty mainly contain two questions: first, why did science and technology of the Northern Song Dynasty go to the highest peak of the feudal society in China; and second, to adapt to this kind of scientific and technological achievements in the peak state. The science and technology thought of the Northern Song Dynasty is undoubtedly rich and colorful, but why can't it become the forerunner of "modern science and technology revolution"? From the angle of the fusion of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and based on the scientific and technological thoughts of various schools of the Northern Song Dynasty, this paper attempts to discuss the above two problems. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly defines the connotation of scientific and technological thought, and briefly reviews the history of the development of scientific and technological thought before the Northern Song Dynasty and the current situation of research on this issue in Chinese academic circles. The second chapter mainly discusses the stability school, the book school, the representative figure of the mountain outpost and the scientific and technological thought of Li Gou and Wu Jing, and the relationship between philosophy and science and technology, the second chapter mainly discusses the stability school, the book school, the representative figure of the mountain outside school, and the science and technology thought of Li Gou. It discusses their historical position and ideological value in the history of the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty, the third chapter is one of the emphases of this paper, and it is also the heyday of the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty, especially the emergence of Shen Kuo has really achieved the peak position of the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty. However, Neo-Confucianism has put forward the new category of philosophy and scientific thought, which has positive and realistic significance for further developing and enlightening the rational thinking of scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty. The scientific and technological thoughts and achievements of Tang Shenwei and Li Jie have made a preliminary analysis of the historical reasons for the transformation of scientific and technological thoughts in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Chapter five is divided into two parts, which focus on the objective comments on the characteristics and value of the scientific and technological thoughts of the Northern Song Dynasty. The other part analyzes the problems existing in the science and technology thought of the Northern Song Dynasty in order to explain that the limitation of the science and technology thought of the Northern Song Dynasty makes it unable to bear the historical responsibility of the science and technology reform. The basic ideas of this paper can be divided into three steps: first, the transformation of the social and economic structure leads to the transformation of the whole superstructure, and the formation and development of the scientific and technological thought of the Northern Song Dynasty is the product of this kind of historical change; the second step, proceeding from the above premise, Try to use the basic principles of historical materialism to explore the development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty objective law, through the facts to show the specific development of science and technology in the Northern Song Dynasty and the brilliant achievements of the process; third step, The comparative method is used to clearly define the historical position of the scientific and technological thought of the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is concluded that the scientific and technological thoughts and achievements of the Northern Song Dynasty are not only ahead of the contemporary Europe, And generally speaking, it is also the new peak of the development history of ancient science and technology thought of our country.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K244
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 丁宏;春秋战国中原与楚文化区科技思想比较研究[D];山西大学;2012年
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 李玉辉;中国古代科学观研究[D];华东师范大学;2011年
2 李钊;科技的部分领域对北宋音乐的影响研究[D];中国艺术研究院;2009年
3 杨明;浅论北宋武器技术管理[D];郑州大学;2009年
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