刘义康之乱与刘宋政局的演变

发布时间：2018-10-31 14:43

【摘要】： 刘宋政权的建立是基于魏晋以来的时代变化。由于东晋门阀士族在政治、经济、文化、社会上有至高无上的地位，其势力或与皇权平衡、甚至者或超过皇权。刘宋以寒门士族掌权，为了防止强臣慑主的局面的再现，在开国之初就采取各种措施限制士族势力。为了更好地牵制士族，引用寒人掌机要、宗王参政和出镇来抑制高门士族势力。宗王作为皇族的一部分，在一定程度上确实有利于皇权的巩固和加强，但是随着宗王势力的膨胀，宗王势力逐渐威胁着刚刚稳固的皇权。君主为巩固皇权，，不得不用武力消灭一切有可能威胁皇权的政治势力，宗室至亲也不例外，因而，刘宋的内部矛盾遂由异姓矛盾转入同姓矛盾。加上皇位继承的失序，使得刘宋宗室间的骨肉相残一轮胜过一轮，以致忽略对异姓大族的防范，导致改朝换代。元嘉后期的刘义康之乱不是单一因素作用的结果，而是多个原因环环相扣造成的，其中最根本的问题是士族集团对皇权的争夺。围绕义康之乱，刘宋统治阶层分化严重，内部隐藏的各种矛盾不断凸现甚至激化，对刘宋后期政局乃至整个南朝历史的走向产生深远影响。本文力图通过义康之乱及其影响，对刘宋政局的历史考察，揭示宗室相残的深层次的原因，从而更好地诠释南朝政治的演变。
[Abstract]:The establishment of Liu Song regime is based on the changes of the times since the Wei and Jin dynasties. Because the patriarch of the Eastern Jin Dynasty has the supreme position in politics, economy, culture and society, its power is balanced with the imperial power, or even exceeds the imperial power. In order to prevent the reappearance of the situation, Liu Song took all kinds of measures to limit the power of the gentry at the beginning of the country. In order to restrain the gentry better, the king took part in politics and left town to restrain the power of Gaomen clan. As a part of the royal family, the patriarchal power is indeed beneficial to the consolidation and strengthening of the imperial power to some extent, but with the expansion of the patriarchal power, the patriarchal power gradually threatens the newly established imperial power. In order to consolidate the imperial power, the monarch had to use force to eliminate all the political forces which might threaten the imperial power, and the clan's closest relatives were no exception. Therefore, the internal contradiction of Liu Song changed from the contradiction of different surnames to the contradiction of the same surname. In addition, the order of the succession of the emperor made the blood and flesh of Liu Song more than one round, so that he neglected to guard against the big clan of different surnames, which led to the change of the dynasty. The chaos of Liu Yi-kang in the later period of Yuan Jia is not the result of a single factor, but is caused by many reasons, among which the most fundamental problem is the struggle for imperial power by the clan group. Around the chaos of Yikang, the ruling class of Liu and Song Dynasty was divided seriously, and the hidden contradictions in Liu Song Dynasty appeared and even intensified, which had a profound influence on the political situation in the later period of Liu Song Dynasty and the trend of the history of the whole Southern Dynasty. This paper tries to reveal the deep-seated causes of clan maiming through the historical investigation of Liu Song government bureau through the turmoil of Yikang and its influence so as to better explain the evolution of the politics of the Southern Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K239.11

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