南宋的村落世界

发布时间：2018-10-31 18:50

【摘要】： 本文的立意是以南宋多数人生活的主要空间——村落为起点,在探寻场所背景的基础上,考察人与人之间的关系网络,以及官民之间的互动与对话。希望藉此勾勒南宋村落的些许粗浅印象,并引领我们感受那个时代多彩而复杂的人与事。目前对于南宋乡村的认识仍过于抽象,研究者们的注意力大多集中在乡村的人、事和秩序上,而实体存在的生活场所却常常被人忽略,因此讨论南宋的乡村,对自然聚落的考察必不可少。无论是广域的地区,还是微小的地方,村落的发展与分布都有一个动态的变迁过程。随着人口数量的增长和社会经济的变迁,南宋具备定居条件的地方都已有疏密不一的村落分布,只是地区间的差异很大。各不相同的村落分布状况,也构成了不同的生活空间。要进一步贴近宋人的生活场所,仍需探讨具体的村居环境与村落景观,透过宋人的描述了解自然生态、耕地、屋宇、道路这些基本的组成。虽然无法实现面面俱到的复原,但可以通过几个方面的了解,获得一个大概的印象,并在此基础上思考这些居住环境与人们生活的关系。除了聚居场所外,生活其间的人对村落图景的构建不可缺失。聚落原本由人聚居而成,各行各业的人在村落中谋生,也因为生计相互依存,串联成一个个人际网络。然而村落并不是由个体的人聚集而成,家才是构成村落的基本单元。数量不等、相似而又千差万别的“家”集合成繁复的关系网。然后,又在此基础上,根据不同的关系和目的,实现村落内或村落之间更大的人群结合。但是,村落并不是单纯地存在于某个时代,它不仅仅是人们的聚居场所,也处于王朝的统治之下。经过政府的人户编组和空间分区,人们对村落社会空间的认识变得多元。在多元的社会空间中,国家确立的一系列制度成为村落运作的基本机制。此外,村落间自发产生的约定、习惯也规范着人们的行为,并与法定的制度相互交融。南宋的村落世界正是由各个相互关联的自然存在与社会内涵整合而成,并呈现出丰富多样的历史画面。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to start with the village, the main living space of the majority of people in the Southern Song Dynasty, and on the basis of exploring the background of the place, to investigate the relationship network between people, as well as the interaction and dialogue between the officials and the people. I hope to outline the village of the Southern Song Dynasty, and lead us to experience the colorful and complex people and events of that era. At present, the cognition of the villages in the Southern Song Dynasty is still too abstract. Most of the researchers' attention is focused on the people, affairs and order of the villages, while the living places of the entities are often ignored. Therefore, the rural areas of the Southern Song Dynasty are discussed. Investigation of natural settlements is essential. The development and distribution of villages have a dynamic process, both in the wide area and in the small area. With the increase of population and the change of social economy, there are different distribution of villages in the places that have the conditions for settlement in the Southern Song Dynasty, but there are great differences between regions. The distribution of different villages also constitutes a different living space. In order to get closer to the living place of Song people, it is necessary to explore the specific village environment and village landscape, and to understand the basic composition of natural ecology, cultivated land, house and road through the description of Song people. Although it is impossible to achieve a comprehensive recovery, we can get a general impression through several aspects, and on this basis, we can think about the relationship between these living environments and people's lives. In addition to the living place, the people living in the village view of the construction can not be missing. Settlements were originally inhabited by people, people in various industries made a living in villages, but also because of livelihood interdependence, a series of interpersonal networks. However, the village is not composed of individuals, the home is the basic unit of the village. The number of different, similar and varied "home" into a complex network. Then, on this basis, according to the different relationships and purposes, the village or village to achieve a larger group of people. However, villages do not simply exist in a certain era. They are not only inhabited by people, but also ruled by dynasties. People's understanding of the social space of villages has become diversified through the formation of households and the division of space by the government. In the pluralistic social space, a series of systems established by the state have become the basic mechanism of village operation. In addition, the village spontaneous convention, the custom also regulates the people's behavior, and blends with the legal system. The village world of the Southern Song Dynasty was formed by the integration of various interrelated natural beings and social connotations, and presented a rich and varied historical picture.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K245

【引证文献】