秦汉乡亭治安研究
发布时间：2018-11-15 07:43
【摘要】：秦汉时期政府已经建立起中央——郡县——乡里三级治安行政管理体制，其中的乡里治安体系，，不仅是封建政府控制地方秩序的基础，而且密切关系到民众的生活。在这一时期的乡里治安体系中，除了专门具有治安性质的机构——亭外，乡里的治安活动很大程度上依托于严密的地方行政网络来进行，乡、里等行政机构在治安运作中起着不可替代的作用。这是因为此时治安机构还没有发展成为一个独立的行政系统，不能全权负责基层的治安事务。所以本文分为乡里与亭两个系统来对乡里社会的治安活动进行论述。 本文首先对最初拥有重要地位的乡、里如何逐渐发展成为基层机构，以及什伍之制的形成过程进行简略的阐释。完善的乡里制度是在秦统一后推行于全国的，成为了地方行政、治安管理的基础。它在治安方面的职责和活动，本文主要归纳为四个方面：管理户籍、纠发奸宄、抓捕罪犯和宣扬教化、化解纷争。至于具有明确治安性质的亭，本文主要从逮捕不法分子、监视过往行人、执行宵禁法和监察辖区治安事件这四个方面来对亭的治安活动进行总结。此外，虽然乡里治安案件的审理和断决都是由县廷来进行，但是在治安案件的处理过程中，乡里机构起着非常重要的协助作用，所以本文对乡里机构和亭在其中的参与程度及其活动进行专门论述。 秦汉乡里治安体系有着自身的特点，也存在着制度上的缺陷。而且汉朝鼓励聚族而居，豪强大族的势力得以长足发展，以至在乡里日常性的治安管理中，除了政府权力的进入外，宗族对地方治安也一直产生着影响。这种影响力随着社会安宁局面的打破而逐渐增强，尤其进入魏晋南北朝的战乱时期之后，乡里什伍与亭相结合的治安管理体系遭到了破坏，宗族通过维持内部的秩序从而产生的对基层治安的作用和影响更加地显著，由此展现出秦汉乡亭治安体系的变迁脉络。综上所述，本文希望通过史书记载和简牍材料，能够对秦汉乡里治安体系的运作、特点及其演变作进一步的探讨。
[Abstract]:In the Qin and Han dynasties, the central government, the prefectures and counties, and the township had established a three-level public security administration system, in which the rural public security system was not only the basis for the feudal government to control the local order, but also had a close bearing on the life of the people. In the township security system of this period, in addition to the special public security organization-pavilions, the public security activities in the township depended to a large extent on the tight local administrative network to carry out the activities. Internal and other administrative institutions play an irreplaceable role in the operation of public security. This is because the security agencies have not yet developed into an independent administrative system, can not take full charge of the security affairs at the grass-roots level. Therefore, this paper is divided into two systems of township and pavilion to discuss the security activities of rural society. Firstly, this paper briefly explains how the township, which had important status at first, gradually developed into a grass-roots organization, and the formation process of the system of "Shiwu". The perfect rural system was carried out in the whole country after the unification of Qin Dynasty, which became the basis of local administration and public security management. Its duties and activities in public security are summarized in four aspects: managing household registration, correcting adultery, arresting criminals, publicizing education and resolving disputes. As for the kiosks with a clear nature of public order, this paper summarizes the public security activities of the kiosks from four aspects: arrest of lawbreakers, surveillance of passers-by, enforcement of curfews and supervision of public order events in the jurisdiction. In addition, although the trial and adjudication of township security cases are conducted by the county authorities, the township organizations play a very important role in assisting in the handling of security cases. Therefore, this paper discusses the participation and activities of rural institutions and pavilions. The security system of Qin and Han Dynasty has its own characteristics and institutional defects. Moreover, the Han Dynasty encouraged the people to live together, and the power of the great and powerful clan developed greatly, so that in the daily security management in the countryside, the clan had always had an influence on the local public order except the entry of the government power. This influence gradually increased with the breaking of the social tranquillity, especially after entering the period of war between Wei, Jin and the Southern and Northern dynasties, the security management system of the combination of township Shiwu and pavilion was destroyed. By maintaining the internal order, the clan has a more significant role and influence on the basic public order, which shows the changing context of the security system of the township pavilions in the Qin and Han dynasties. To sum up, this paper hopes to further explore the operation, characteristics and evolution of the security system in the countryside of the Qin and Han dynasties through historical records and bamboo slips.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K232
本文编号：2332611
[Abstract]:In the Qin and Han dynasties, the central government, the prefectures and counties, and the township had established a three-level public security administration system, in which the rural public security system was not only the basis for the feudal government to control the local order, but also had a close bearing on the life of the people. In the township security system of this period, in addition to the special public security organization-pavilions, the public security activities in the township depended to a large extent on the tight local administrative network to carry out the activities. Internal and other administrative institutions play an irreplaceable role in the operation of public security. This is because the security agencies have not yet developed into an independent administrative system, can not take full charge of the security affairs at the grass-roots level. Therefore, this paper is divided into two systems of township and pavilion to discuss the security activities of rural society. Firstly, this paper briefly explains how the township, which had important status at first, gradually developed into a grass-roots organization, and the formation process of the system of "Shiwu". The perfect rural system was carried out in the whole country after the unification of Qin Dynasty, which became the basis of local administration and public security management. Its duties and activities in public security are summarized in four aspects: managing household registration, correcting adultery, arresting criminals, publicizing education and resolving disputes. As for the kiosks with a clear nature of public order, this paper summarizes the public security activities of the kiosks from four aspects: arrest of lawbreakers, surveillance of passers-by, enforcement of curfews and supervision of public order events in the jurisdiction. In addition, although the trial and adjudication of township security cases are conducted by the county authorities, the township organizations play a very important role in assisting in the handling of security cases. Therefore, this paper discusses the participation and activities of rural institutions and pavilions. The security system of Qin and Han Dynasty has its own characteristics and institutional defects. Moreover, the Han Dynasty encouraged the people to live together, and the power of the great and powerful clan developed greatly, so that in the daily security management in the countryside, the clan had always had an influence on the local public order except the entry of the government power. This influence gradually increased with the breaking of the social tranquillity, especially after entering the period of war between Wei, Jin and the Southern and Northern dynasties, the security management system of the combination of township Shiwu and pavilion was destroyed. By maintaining the internal order, the clan has a more significant role and influence on the basic public order, which shows the changing context of the security system of the township pavilions in the Qin and Han dynasties. To sum up, this paper hopes to further explore the operation, characteristics and evolution of the security system in the countryside of the Qin and Han dynasties through historical records and bamboo slips.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K232
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前5条
1 马晓克;秦汉逮捕制度论考[D];东北师范大学;2011年
2 关荣波;汉代乡里社会治安考略[D];吉林大学;2006年
3 张俊;汉代文吏的身份[D];厦门大学;2007年
4 邢建华;中国古代基层治安制度研究[D];黑龙江大学;2008年
5 宋微;试论秦汉“群盗”[D];东北师范大学;2010年
本文编号：2332611
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