“朝天录”中的明代中国形象研究
发布时间：2018-11-24 20:43
【摘要】： 1368年明朝建立至1637年朝鲜朝屈服于清政权,解除与明宗藩关系的这一时期,朝鲜使臣留下了大量的纪行中国的文字,这些文字统称为“朝天录”。它具有年代跨度大、体裁多样、作者成分复杂、直笔直言等特点。本论文采用比较文学形象学的研究方法,以14～17世纪朝鲜多部“朝天录”作品为研究中心,通过这一时期朝鲜自身的外部和内在形象以及特征分析入手,重点分析朝鲜使臣眼中的中华形胜(山川河野、名胜古迹、天险边关、城郭宫殿)和中国人(平民、儒生、官员、皇帝)等文化因子,从而勾勒出14～17世纪朝鲜使臣眼中明代中国形象以及这一时期朝鲜对明代中国复杂的情感变化过程。由此阐述出这一时期朝鲜对中国的社会集体想象以及中国形象的塑造过程:14～17世纪,朝鲜对中国的社会集体想象就是明朝政治军事强大、经济文化繁荣。中国形象在朝鲜的视野中,经历了从正面走向正副交织,从鲜明走向黯淡的变化过程,这一过程包括狂热的“乌托邦”、想象与真实相交织、天朝的渐行渐远以及大明的最后挽歌四个阶段。朝鲜使臣对中国明朝崇佛重道、丧制松弛等负面特征批评,反映出到了明代中后期,朝鲜已经开始以儒家思想的眼光来观察中国,评价中国。从另一意义上说,也说明了程朱理学在朝鲜的全面深入,标志着朝鲜的思想界开始出现了积极的因素,也说明了程朱理学在明代中国的没落。“朝天录”具有高度的历史价值、思想文化价值及其它学科的价值,在中朝文学史上占据特殊的地位。 作为记录了丰富“他者”形象的“朝天录”,它在比较文学形象学领域具有典范的意义。从比较文学的层面上讲,选取“朝天录”进行中朝比较文学的研究,本身具有拓宽学术研究领域的意义;在探讨中国形象的同时,对朝鲜人在塑造历程过程中折射出来的内心情感的变化和若隐若现的自我镜像中的朝鲜形象进行分析和研究,这不仅可以使我们了解持续几千年的中朝关系的某些特性,也可以理解朝鲜对中国复杂的民族心理;探究14～17世纪朝鲜使臣如何塑造中国形象,勾勒出在朝鲜朝语境下中国形象的嬗变轨迹,对其形成和衍变进行总体上的分析和把握,即是本文主旨之所在,也是创新性所在;在目前中韩两国学术热点集中在“燕行录”即对有清一代研究的背景下,对有明一代朝鲜对中国形象的塑造过程进行系统的梳理和勾勒,是一件有意义的工作;目前国内外学者尚未开展以众多“朝天录”作品为核心对明代中国形象的综合研究,这也是本文的一个创新性所在。
[Abstract]:During the period from the establishment of the Ming Dynasty in 1368 to the surrender of the Korean government to the Qing regime in 1637 and the dissolution of the relations with the Ming Suzerain-vassal government, Korean envoys left behind a large number of Chinese characters, which were collectively referred to as "the record of the reign of Heaven". It has a long span of time, diverse genres, complex composition of the author, straight pen and so on. This thesis adopts the research method of comparative literature imageology, taking many works of Korean "Chaotian record" as the research center in the 14th century and 17th century, through the analysis of the external and internal images and characteristics of Korea itself during this period. Focusing on the cultural factors in the eyes of the Korean envoys, such as the Chinese form of victory (mountains, rivers and rivers, scenic spots, historical sites, Tianyuan border pass, city palace) and the Chinese (civilians, Confucian students, officials, emperors), etc. It outlines the Chinese image of Ming Dynasty in the 17 th century Korean envoys and the complex process of Korea's emotional change to Ming Dynasty in this period. This paper expounds the social collective imagination of China and the shaping process of Chinese image in this period: in the 14th and 17th century, the social collective imagination of Korea to China was the political and military power of Ming Dynasty, the prosperity of economy and culture. In the vision of North Korea, the image of China has gone through a process of changing from front to side, from bright to dark. This process includes fanatical "utopia," imagination and reality. The waning of the Chinese dynasty and the final elegy of Daming are four stages. North Korean envoys criticized the negative characteristics of the Chinese Ming Dynasty, such as the worship of Buddhism and the relaxation of mourning system, which reflected that by the middle and late Ming Dynasty, North Korea had begun to observe China and evaluate China from the perspective of Confucianism. In another sense, it also explains the comprehensive deepening of Neo-Confucianism in North Korea, marks the emergence of positive factors in the North Korean ideological circle, and also explains the decline of Neo-Confucianism in China in the Ming Dynasty. "Chaotian Records" has a high historical value, ideological and cultural value and the value of other disciplines, occupies a special position in the history of Chinese and Korean literature. As a record of enriching the image of the other, it is of exemplary significance in the field of comparative literature. From the perspective of comparative literature, the study of comparative literature between China and Korea by selecting "Chaotian Records" has the significance of broadening the academic research field. While discussing the image of China, this paper analyzes and studies the changes of the inner emotion reflected by Korean people in the process of shaping and the image of Korea reflected in the self-image. This not only enables us to understand some of the characteristics of China-DPRK relations that have lasted for thousands of years, but also to understand the complex national psychology of North Korea towards China; Exploring how Korean emissaries in the 17th century molded the image of China, sketching out the transmutation track of Chinese image in the context of Korean Dynasty, analyzing and grasping its formation and evolution in general, is the main purpose of this paper, and is also the innovative one. At present, the academic hotspots of China and South Korea focus on the background of "Yan Xing Lu", that is, the research on the generation of Qing Dynasty. It is a meaningful work to systematically sort out and outline the process of shaping the image of China by North Korea of the Ming Dynasty. At present, scholars at home and abroad have not carried out a comprehensive study on the image of China in Ming Dynasty, which is also an innovation of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K248
本文编号：2354985
[Abstract]:During the period from the establishment of the Ming Dynasty in 1368 to the surrender of the Korean government to the Qing regime in 1637 and the dissolution of the relations with the Ming Suzerain-vassal government, Korean envoys left behind a large number of Chinese characters, which were collectively referred to as "the record of the reign of Heaven". It has a long span of time, diverse genres, complex composition of the author, straight pen and so on. This thesis adopts the research method of comparative literature imageology, taking many works of Korean "Chaotian record" as the research center in the 14th century and 17th century, through the analysis of the external and internal images and characteristics of Korea itself during this period. Focusing on the cultural factors in the eyes of the Korean envoys, such as the Chinese form of victory (mountains, rivers and rivers, scenic spots, historical sites, Tianyuan border pass, city palace) and the Chinese (civilians, Confucian students, officials, emperors), etc. It outlines the Chinese image of Ming Dynasty in the 17 th century Korean envoys and the complex process of Korea's emotional change to Ming Dynasty in this period. This paper expounds the social collective imagination of China and the shaping process of Chinese image in this period: in the 14th and 17th century, the social collective imagination of Korea to China was the political and military power of Ming Dynasty, the prosperity of economy and culture. In the vision of North Korea, the image of China has gone through a process of changing from front to side, from bright to dark. This process includes fanatical "utopia," imagination and reality. The waning of the Chinese dynasty and the final elegy of Daming are four stages. North Korean envoys criticized the negative characteristics of the Chinese Ming Dynasty, such as the worship of Buddhism and the relaxation of mourning system, which reflected that by the middle and late Ming Dynasty, North Korea had begun to observe China and evaluate China from the perspective of Confucianism. In another sense, it also explains the comprehensive deepening of Neo-Confucianism in North Korea, marks the emergence of positive factors in the North Korean ideological circle, and also explains the decline of Neo-Confucianism in China in the Ming Dynasty. "Chaotian Records" has a high historical value, ideological and cultural value and the value of other disciplines, occupies a special position in the history of Chinese and Korean literature. As a record of enriching the image of the other, it is of exemplary significance in the field of comparative literature. From the perspective of comparative literature, the study of comparative literature between China and Korea by selecting "Chaotian Records" has the significance of broadening the academic research field. While discussing the image of China, this paper analyzes and studies the changes of the inner emotion reflected by Korean people in the process of shaping and the image of Korea reflected in the self-image. This not only enables us to understand some of the characteristics of China-DPRK relations that have lasted for thousands of years, but also to understand the complex national psychology of North Korea towards China; Exploring how Korean emissaries in the 17th century molded the image of China, sketching out the transmutation track of Chinese image in the context of Korean Dynasty, analyzing and grasping its formation and evolution in general, is the main purpose of this paper, and is also the innovative one. At present, the academic hotspots of China and South Korea focus on the background of "Yan Xing Lu", that is, the research on the generation of Qing Dynasty. It is a meaningful work to systematically sort out and outline the process of shaping the image of China by North Korea of the Ming Dynasty. At present, scholars at home and abroad have not carried out a comprehensive study on the image of China in Ming Dynasty, which is also an innovation of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K248
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