明长城“九边”重镇军事防御性聚落研究

发布时间：2018-12-25 07:44

【摘要】： 本文从宏观至微观依次探讨军事聚落的时空分布规律、防御性特征、层次与规模、系统内部构成因素四方面内容。以历史发展为纲叙述明长城军事聚落兴筑较为集中的三个阶段,探寻九边重镇军事聚落的总体空间分布规律。结合现场踏勘和史料印证,剖析军事聚落选址“因地形用险置塞”的防御性特征和军堡自身的内、外两层防御工事的防御功能。军事聚落在都司卫所军事管理制度下按级别分为镇城、路城、卫城、所城、堡城五个层次,通过对各层次军事聚落特征介绍,揭示军事聚落的层次与城池规模的内在关联。最后展开军事聚落外部与内部构成因素的研究,包括军堡内部空间构成要素的分布及建筑艺术特点、军堡在社会学层面与建筑学层面与里坊制的相似性、军堡与村堡的差异比较及军堡“从堡到堡”和“从堡到城”两条演化路线。纠正长城起源于“楚方城”和长城防御仅靠片状墙体的认识误区,提出长城起源于“封”;长城军事防御体系由明长城与军事聚落及烽火台、驿站、哨所、关口等防御设施一起,构成具有严密的层次性、整体性和系统性的军事防御体系,力求对长城军事聚落的原貌进行较为真实的还原。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the space-time distribution law, defensive characteristics, hierarchy and scale of military settlements, and the internal components of the system are discussed in turn from macroscopic to microcosmic. Taking the historical development as an outline, this paper describes the three stages of the military settlement of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty, and explores the general spatial distribution law of the military settlement in the Jiubian important Town. Combined with site survey and historical data verification, this paper analyzes the defensive characteristics of the military settlement site and the defensive functions of the inner and outer defense fortifications of the military bunker itself. The military settlement is divided into five levels according to the level under the military management system of the Metropolitan Department of Security. By introducing the characteristics of the military settlement at each level, the paper reveals the inner relationship between the level of military settlement and the scale of the city, which is divided into five levels: the town city, the road city, the Acropolis city, the post city and the fortress city. Finally, the paper studies the external and internal factors of military settlement, including the distribution of internal space elements of military bunker and the characteristics of architectural art, the similarity between military castle and the system of Li Fang in sociology and architecture. The difference between military castle and village castle and the evolution route of military castle from castle to castle and from castle to city. To correct the misunderstanding that the Great Wall originated from "Chu Fangcheng" and the Great Wall defense only depend on flaky wall, and put forward that the Great Wall originated from "seal"; The Great Wall military defense system consists of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty, together with military settlements and beacon towers, post posts, checkpoints, and other defense facilities, which constitute a military defense system with a tight hierarchy, integrity and system. Strive to the Great Wall military settlement of the original appearance of a more real restoration.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K248

【引证文献】