杨增新时期的新疆乡约研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 16:17

本文关键词：杨增新时期的新疆乡约研究　出处：《云南大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 清末民初,是中国传统社会向近代社会过渡的历史性变革时期,对于地处我国西北边疆的新疆来说也不例外。清代在新疆南疆盛行的伯克制度已不再适应历史发展的需要,取而代之的则是乡约制度。乡约制度作为我国古代的一种基层行政制度,在民国初期在内地已总体走向衰落,逐渐退出历史舞台,在新疆却得到了极大的发展,并在杨增新时期达到顶峰。因新疆复杂的人文和地理环境,杨增新时期的乡约有别与我国封建时代的内地乡约,呈现出明显的地域性特征。因此,本文拟在前人研究的基础上,对该时期的乡约进行系统的研究。全文主要从以下几个方面来研究: 第一部分,主要是对我国乡约的出现及其发展进行阐述。因保甲制度和里甲制度均为我国古代重要的基层社会制度,因此有必要将其进行比较说明。另外,该部分还对乡约在新疆的出现与发展进行了较为全面的阐述。第二部分,杨增新对待乡约的态度及其采取的整顿措施。第三部分,论述了杨增新时期新疆乡约的特点,及其在基层社会中所扮演的角色。第四部分,考察了杨增新时期乡约的职能,便于全面的认识该时期的乡约。第五部分,因乡约作为一种基层行政制度,那么乡约与基层政权之间的关系就需要进行探讨;乡约所管辖的直接对象即为农民,所以笔者在这部分还探讨了乡约与农民之间的关系。本文的主旨是通过研究杨增新时期的乡约制度,更好地认识民国时期新疆的基层社会状况。该制度不仅影响着杨增新对农村社会的控制,而且对农村乡里社会的发展也起到了一定的作用。另外,通过对杨增新统治新疆时期乡约制度的集中的探讨,弥补了学术界杨增新研究中重外交关系及民族、教育、司法、军事等内政方面研究,而忽略乡约等基层社会控制研究的不足,促进全面深入地认识杨增新在新疆历史上的地位和作用。
[Abstract]:The end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China was a historic period of transformation from the traditional Chinese society to the modern society. Xinjiang, which is located on the northwest frontier of China, is no exception. The Burke system, which prevailed in the southern Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty, is no longer adapted to the needs of historical development. In the early period of the Republic of China, the rural covenant system, as a basic administrative system in ancient China, has generally declined in the interior, gradually withdrew from the historical stage, but has been greatly developed in Xinjiang. Because of the complex human and geographical environment in Xinjiang, the rural covenant in Yangzengxin period is different from the rural contract in the feudal era of our country, showing obvious regional characteristics. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a systematic study of the rural covenant in this period. The full text mainly from the following several aspects to study: The first part is mainly about the emergence and development of the rural covenant in China. Because the Baojia system and the Lijia system are important grass-roots social systems in ancient China, it is necessary to compare them. In addition. This part also describes the appearance and development of the rural area in Xinjiang. The second part, Yang Zengxin's attitude towards the township treaty and the measures taken to rectify it. The third part discusses the characteristics of Xinjiang Rural Treaty in Yang Zengxin period and its role in the grassroots society. In the 4th part, the author investigates the function of rural contract in Yang Zengxin period, which is convenient to understand the rural covenant in that period. In the 5th part, the relationship between the township covenant and the grass-roots government needs to be discussed because the township covenant is a kind of grass-roots administrative system. The direct object of the rural covenant is the farmer, so the author also discusses the relationship between the rural contract and the farmer. The purpose of this paper is to better understand the basic social situation in Xinjiang during the period of the Republic of China by studying the rural contract system in the period of Yang Zengxin, which not only affects Yang Zengxin's control of rural society. Moreover, it also plays a certain role in the development of rural society. In addition, through the discussion of the centralization of the rural contract system in the period of Yang Zengxin's rule over Xinjiang, it makes up for the emphasis on diplomatic relations and nationalities in the research of Yang Zengxin in academic circles. The study on internal affairs such as education, justice, military affairs and so on, ignoring the deficiency of the research on social control at the grass-roots level, such as the township covenant, promotes the comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the position and role of Yang Zengxin in Xinjiang's history.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K249

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