《左传》《国语》文献征引与先秦地域文化考论

发布时间：2018-03-05 07:04

本文选题：《左传》　切入点：《国语》　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《左传》《国语》是记载春秋史事的重要史书,其中的文献征引活动是春秋时期学术文化发展、变迁的集中反映。《左传》《国语》的文献征引活动可分为两类:一是征引《易》《书》《诗》等典籍,二是征引记载于简策之上的古史传说。受先秦时期文化地域性突出这一特点的影响,《左传》《国语》文献征引活动也具有鲜明的地域特色。《左传》《国语》所载引《易》活动集中在北方黄河流域各诸侯国,而在南方长江流域的楚、吴、越等诸侯国中则未见引《易》的记载。相反,地处长江流域的楚国却大量征引《书》类、《诗》类文献。东周以来,由于周王室地位衰落,王官失守,大量原由王官掌管的《书》类、《诗》类典籍或因切近人事,或因便于记诵而流散于包括长江流域楚国在内的各诸侯国。而《易》作为姬周族所特有的卜筮类文献,由专官掌管,流通性较弱,在春秋时期仅在北方黄河流域姬姓诸侯国流传,未达南方长江流域。春秋时期以《书》、《诗》为代表的义理类文献与以《易》为代表的卜筮技术类文献所具有的流传特点,对后世的文献分类格局产生了重要影响。《左传》《国语》中还征引了大量西周之前的古史传说。《左传》《国语》对古史的征引具有以下特点:涉及大量上古帝王事迹,并已初步构拟出较为完备的古史体系;出现夏、商、周连称或虞、夏、商、周连称的现象;引用古史的目的多种多样,方式也十分灵活。《左传》《国语》中的古史征引活动也具有鲜明的地域特色,即中原黄河流域的诸侯国具有一套不同于南方长江流域的古帝先王系统。支撑这两种不同先王系统的分别是中原地区的社稷守文化与长江流域的山川守文化。自夏、商以来,北方黄河流域的古国为了掠夺铜矿资源,不断南下长江流域。在与南方部族、古国冲突的过程中,促进了南北两大文化系统的交流与融合。春秋时期是一个动荡、变革的历史时期:周王室权威失坠,礼崩乐坏,旧的秩序逐渐趋于瓦解,新的秩序正在慢慢形成。而在这一历史变动中,不同地域之间的思想文化也在相互影响、交汇和融合。春秋时期地域文化的碰撞、交汇与融合,为战国诸子争鸣时代的到来准备了条件。
[Abstract]:< > > < Zuozhuan Mandarin is an important historical records and historical events, including the literature citation activity is the development of the academic culture in the spring and Autumn period, the change reflects. "" Zuozhuan > Mandarin literature citation activities can be divided into two categories: one is "easy" "book of poetry" "citation classics >, two is recorded in the above cited block the legend of ancient history. Influenced by the pre Qin period of regional culture, highlight the characteristics of the < > > left Mandarin literature citation activity also has distinctive regional characteristics." "Zuo Mandarin contained < > > lead easy activity is concentrated in the north of the Yellow River basin of the vassal state, and in the south of the Yangtze River Basin of Chu, Wu and Yue the States did not lead easy records. < > instead, Chu located in the Yangtze River is a large number of citation < yub > >, < poetry literature. Since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, because of fading, royal status because of fall, a large number of reasons because of charge < yub > >, < poetry books or close personnel Or because, easy to learn and dispersed in the Yangtze River Basin, including Chu vassal. < > as to Ji Zhou tribe unique divination literature, presided over by the special official, liquidity is weak, in the spring and Autumn period only spread in northern the Yellow River basin vassal state, did not reach the south along the Yangtze River. In the spring and Autumn Period < yub >, < > as the representative of the characteristics of popular poem meaning and literature in "easy as the representative of the divination class > literature with the literature classification pattern has an important influence on later." "Mandarin in Zuozhuan > cited a lot of Western Zhou Dynasty before the ancient legend of ancient history." "Zuozhuan > Mandarin he has the following characteristics: involving a large number of ancient emperors deeds, and has initially constructs a relatively complete system of ancient history; appeared in summer, taking weeks or even, Yu, Xia, Shang, Zhou said the phenomenon; ancient references for various purposes, is also very flexible. < > > < Zuozhuan language In the ancient history of citation activity also has distinctive regional characteristics, namely the Central Plains of the Yellow River basin has a different set of states in the south along the Yangtze River in ancient Dixian king system. Support these two different Kings system are the Central Plains area of the Yangtze River Basin and to keep the culture and keep the culture. Since the summer, taking. The north of the Yellow River basin in order to plunder the ancient copper resources, continue south to the Yangtze River Basin and the south. In the process of ancient tribes, conflicts, promote the exchange and integration of the two major north-south culture system. The spring and Autumn period was a turbulent, change the historical period: Zhou royal authority falling, the old order gradually falling of ceremony. Collapse, the new order is slowly formed. In this historical change, between different regions in the ideological and cultural interaction, exchange and integration. The collision of regional culture in the spring and Autumn period, the intersection and fusion, for war The people of the state contend for the arrival of the times.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K225.04

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