东魏北齐国家物质赏赐考略

发布时间：2018-03-25 13:43

本文选题：东魏北齐　切入点：国家　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：赏赐是最高统治者对其下属的功劳给予嘉奖或表彰，包括物质赏赐和荣誉赏赐，本文以东魏北齐时期国家的物质赏赐为研究对象，从赏赐的对象、种类、机构、特点以及产生的影响方面来分析，从而具体了解东魏北齐时期的政治、军事、经济、社会等方面的状况。第一章是前言部分，是论文的前期准备工作，主要叙述了论文的选题意义以及研究现状，即通过对相关研究成果的总结，发现研究空白，并提出亟待解决的问题，在此基础上，归纳出论文的写作思路。第二章主要从五个方面对东魏北齐时期国家物质赏赐的对象进行总结。受赏者既有因为身份地位特殊而获赏的，也有因为建立功勋或政绩而获赏的，同时也有因为个人技艺获赏的等等。并且，获赏者的身份各有不同，他们既有享受高官厚禄的北镇勋贵，也有普通的士兵、平民，还有其他政权的归附者等等，涵盖面极广。第三章论述了赏赐物的种类，主要分为五种：一是农畜产品，包括粟、米等粮食作物和牛马等牲畜；二是手工业品，包括纺织品、服饰、金银宝器及钱币、乐器、彃弻车和秘器等等；三是田宅果园；四是奴婢和家妓；五是医药、美酒珍馐。因此，东魏北齐时期国家的赏赐物品种丰富。第四章探讨了赏赐机构，赏赐程序包括赏赐决策和赏赐执行两部分。赏赐决策既有皇帝决策也有朝臣决策，这与当时的政治情况有关。赏赐执行需要三省六部和九卿的相互协作，才能将赏赐对象和赏赐物结合起来，，从而达到皇帝进行赏赐的目的。第五章在前文的基础上，归纳赏赐的特点。首先，东魏时期国家的物质赏赐出自两门——孝静帝和高欢父子；其次，东魏和北齐前期主要的赏赐对象是勋贵，北齐后期受赏者主要是恩P；然后，北齐时期皇帝的赏赐权逐渐加强，赏赐越来越体现皇帝的意志；第四，手工业品的赏赐比重较大，在手工业品中，纺织品的赏赐较多；最后，赏赐物具有“各有差”的特点。第六章主要分析东魏北齐时期国家物质赏赐所造成的影响，既有积极方面，也有消极的方面。在政治军事方面，物质赏赐调动了将士和官员的积极性；在社会方面，能维护社会稳定；在经济方面，刺激了经济的发展，加强了与少数民族的交流。但是，过分赏赐会助长奢侈贪污的风气，同时赏赐也加大了政府的开支，增加百姓的负担，而且皇帝的赏赐失衡，致使统治阶级内部矛盾丛生，不利于团结对外作战。
[Abstract]:The reward is the reward or recognition given by the supreme ruler to his subordinates' meritorious service, including material reward and honor reward. This article regards the material reward of the country in the period of Eastern Wei and Northern Qi as the research object, from the object, kind and institution of the reward. In order to understand the political, military, economic, social and other aspects of the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasty. The first chapter is the foreword, which is the preparatory work of the thesis. It mainly describes the significance of the topic and the current situation of the research, that is, through the summary of the related research results, finds the research blank, and puts forward the problems to be solved urgently. On this basis, the paper concludes the writing ideas. The second chapter summarizes the objects of national material reward in the period of Eastern Wei and Northern Qi from five aspects. At the same time, there are also rewards for personal skills, and so on. Moreover, the recipients have different identities. They enjoy the high official wealth of the north town, but also the ordinary soldiers, civilians, and the followers of other regimes, and so on, covering a wide range of areas. The third chapter discusses the types of gifts, which are mainly divided into five categories: first, farm and livestock products, including millet, rice and other food crops and cattle, and other livestock; second, handicraft products, including textiles, clothing, gold and silver treasures, coins, musical instruments, etc. 皙The third is the orchard of field house; the fourth is maidservant and domestic prostitute; and the fifth is medicine and wine delicacy. Therefore, the country in the period of Eastern Wei and Northern Qi is rich in kinds of bounty. Chapter four discusses the institution of reward. The procedure of reward includes two parts: the decision of reward and the execution of reward. The decision of reward includes the decision of emperors as well as the decision of courtiers. This is related to the political situation at that time. The implementation of the reward requires the cooperation of the three provinces and six ministries and nine ministers in order to combine the reward object with the reward object so as to achieve the purpose of the emperor's reward. The fifth chapter sums up the characteristics of the reward on the basis of the above. Firstly, the material reward of the Eastern Wei Dynasty came from two doors-Xiaojing Emperor and Gao Huan's father and son; secondly, the main object of the reward in the early period of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty was Xiongui. In the late period of the Northern Qi Dynasty, the reward was mainly en Pu; then, the emperors' right of reward was gradually strengthened in the Northern Qi Dynasty, and the reward more and more embodied the emperor's will. Fourthly, the proportion of the reward for handicraft products was larger, and the textile products were given more in the handicraft products. Finally, The bounty has the characteristic of "each has the difference". The sixth chapter mainly analyzes the influence caused by the national material reward in the period of Eastern Wei and Northern Qi, which has both positive and negative aspects. In the aspect of politics and military, the material reward has aroused the enthusiasm of the officers and officials; in the social aspect, the material reward has aroused the enthusiasm of the officers and officials. It can maintain social stability; on the economic front, it stimulates economic development and strengthens communication with ethnic minorities. However, excessive rewards will encourage the atmosphere of extravagant corruption, and at the same time, the rewards will also increase government expenditure and increase the burden on the people. And the emperor's reward imbalance, resulting in the ruling class internal contradictions, is not conducive to unity and external combat.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K239.2

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