晚明文化视角下的士妓交往研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 20:06

本文选题：晚明 + 名士　；参考：《华东交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：晚明时期，随着商业经济的发展，资本主义的萌芽，人们物欲逐渐膨胀，社会享乐风气日盛。在经济基础和上层建筑都发生改变之时，晚明士子作为社会精英在此时却得不到当朝统治者的重视，无法在传统的孔孟之道和程朱理学的指导下，实现其人生理想和社会价值。在找不到自己政治功能发挥的舞台时，这些士子无奈地带着对人生矛盾和社会矛盾的思考，开始剑走偏锋。一些思想激进的文人高扬“至情”、“至性”的人文主张，掀起了一场追求个性解放的思潮。这些士子从儒学中走出来，站在人本主义的道路上，，开始寻找自身的出路。这些文人离经叛道、追逐声色之好，娼妓群体兴起、追求文雅情调，士妓频繁交往开始成为晚明突出的文化现象。这群士子从官场、名利场和读书场中走出来，广泛的参与社会交往活动。而此时的许多妓女在与士子的交往中不断地受到文人雅士的思想方式和价值观念的影响，开始摒弃妓女惯有的陋习向着高洁的人格品质转变。最为引人注目的就是在这样的社会背景和文化大环境下催生了以柳如是、顾眉、陈圆圆等为代表的一大批名妓。她们逐渐由以往以色媚人的生存和生活方式向着出淤泥而不染的高洁雅致的文化形态转变。本文正是以“晚明士妓交往”为研究对象和切入点，以晚明文化视角为窗口，从两者的社会交往和婚恋交往双线切入，以士子结社的社会交往为契机，展现了晚明时代下士妓交往的特色，从而引出这样的交往背后的深层次原因，即社会政治经济方面的外部环境原因和两者自身的内部原因。最后探讨了在这样的交往中蕴藏的文化意义和社会意义，以及引发出对女性思想解放的思考和对大明王朝灭亡原因的思考。
[Abstract]:In the late Ming Dynasty, with the development of commercial economy and the germination of capitalism, people's material desire gradually expanded, and the social hedonism became more and more popular. When the economic base and superstructure were changed, the late Ming Shizi, as a social elite, could not be attached importance to as the ruler of the dynasty at this time, and could not realize his ideal of life and social value under the guidance of the traditional Confucius, Mencius and Cheng Zhu Neo-Confucianism. Unable to find a stage on which their political functions can be brought into play, these leaders reluctantly began to deviate from their swords with their reflections on the contradictions of life and society. Some radical literati extolled the humanistic propositions of "feeling" and "nature", which set off a trend of thought in pursuit of personality liberation. These scholars came out of Confucianism, stood on the road of humanism, and began to find their own way out. These literati deviant from the classics, pursue the good appearance, the prostitute group rises, pursues the elegant sentiment, the scholar and the prostitute frequent exchanges begin to become the late Ming prominent cultural phenomenon. This group of scholars from the official, Vanity Fair and reading ground, widely involved in social activities. At this time, many prostitutes were constantly influenced by the way of thought and values of the literati, and began to abandon the bad habits of prostitutes and change to the high quality of personality. The most striking thing is that under such social background and cultural environment, a large number of famous prostitutes, such as Liu Huo, Gu Mei and Chen Yuanyuan, were born. They gradually changed from the past life and life style to the high-clean and elegant cultural form. This article takes "the late Ming Dynasty" as the research object and the breakthrough point, takes the late Ming culture angle of view as the window, from both the social intercourse and the marriage intercourse double line cuts in, takes the Shizi association social intercourse as the opportunity. It shows the characteristics of the intercourse between scholar and prostitute in the late Ming Dynasty, which leads to the deep reasons behind such communication, that is, the external environment of the social, political and economic aspects and the internal reasons of the two themselves. Finally, the author discusses the cultural and social significance in this kind of communication, as well as the thinking about the emancipation of women's thoughts and the reasons for the demise of the Daming Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：华东交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K248

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