清代湖南涟水河运与船户宗族

发布时间：2018-06-03 08:26

本文选题：河道社会 + 船户　；参考：《中国经济史研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：清至民国湖南湘乡县涟水船户的家族文献,与地方志、《湖南省例成案》等官方文献互相印证,共同摹绘出内陆河道上以运输、捕鱼为生的船户历史。乾隆年间,湖南商贸繁荣,涟水上有六七千只倒划船,装载煤炭及客货,秘密走私硫磺。直至民国年间,涟水河道长期为陈氏、邓氏和潘氏宗族把持。三姓充当埠头,负责管理各埠船户,为官府转运漕粮,共同垄断河道的商旅运输和捕鱼权。三姓分别在宗族内部设立分房轮充运漕之役的机制,后演变为募役当差的应役方式。涟水运漕船户宗族与官方运漕制度之间的长期互动关系,为了解明清州县以下基层运漕机制与实际漕务运作办法提供了实例,也说明官方运漕制度为船户群体提供了组织化的制度背景。涟水船户建构宗族组织的历程,与其他地区船户的社会组织形态存在较大差异,展现出主动灵活的应对能力。船户等水上社群的经济能力、社会组织和文化水平,不可一概而论,需对其内部的阶层分化予以具体分析。
[Abstract]:The family documents of the Lianshui boatmen in Xiangxiang County, Hunan, in the Republic of China, and the official documents of the local chronicles, the case of Hunan Province, and other official documents. The history of the shipping and fishing on the inland waterway was jointly painted. In the reign of the Qianlong period, Hunan was prosperous in commerce and commerce, and six thousand or seven thousand boating, coal and passenger and cargo were loaded on Lianshui, and sulfur was secretly smuggled in Lianshui. In the Republic of China during the Republic of China, the Lianshui river was held by Chen's family for a long time, and Deng Shihe Panshi clansmen. The three surname acted as a port, responsible for the management of the ports of the ports, the transport of grain for the government and the joint monopoly of the commercial transportation and fishing rights of the river. The three surnames established the machine system for the service of the transport of water by the house wheels within the clan. The long-term interaction between the clan and the official transport system provided an example to clarify the mechanism of transportation and the actual operation of the water transport in Qingzhou County. It also indicated that the official transport system provided the institutional background for the boatman group. The course of the construction of the clan organization by the Lianshui boatmen and the Society of the boatmen in other areas. There are great differences in the form of organization, showing the ability to respond actively and flexibly. The economic ability, social organization and cultural level of the boatman and other water community should not be generalized. It is necessary to make a specific analysis of the stratum differentiation within it.
【作者单位】：厦门大学历史系;
【基金】：香港特别行政区大学教育资助委员会第五轮卓越学科领域计划项目“中国社会的历史人类学”(批准号:AoE/H-01/8) 国家社会科学基金青年项目“清代中期长江中游流通与市场整合研究”(批准号:16CZS042)阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：F552.9;K249;K820.9

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