法律与市场:乾嘉时期鄱阳湖区“曹杨讼案”研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 15:15

本文选题：鄱阳湖 + 产权　；参考：《清史研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：上海交通大学收集的鄱阳湖区民间文书,记录了清代中期江西都昌县曹氏与鄱阳县杨氏之间的一桩官司。两姓就两县交界处三片湖面的产权,从乾隆四十一年(1776)一直争讼到嘉庆四年(1799),从鄱阳湖一路打官司到北京城。通过对相关58件文书的分析,结合其他材料,我们发现:虽然原告方曹姓将自己描绘为受害者,但实际上对争议湖产不具有充分的产权依据,是利用各种借口来侵占杨姓湖产。这个案例表明,清代民事司法具有积极保护民人产权的一面:正是官方对民人产权的保护,才迫使强势的曹家承认弱势的杨姓的产权。更重要的是,官方对这个纠纷的解决颇有创意:先根据证据判明是非,认定权益归属,然后引入市场机制,促使双方达成双赢的共识。这种法律与市场的双管齐下,比仅仅依法判定是非,更能抓住产权纠纷的根本。
[Abstract]:The folk documents collected by Shanghai Jiaotong University recorded a lawsuit between Cao and Yang in Duchang County, Jiangxi Province in the middle of Qing Dynasty. Two surnames on the two counties at the junction of three lakes, from the Qianlong 41 years of 1776) has been litigating to Jiaqing four years of 1799, from Poyang Lake all the way to the city of Beijing. Through the analysis of 58 related documents and other materials, we find that although the plaintiff's surname Cao describes himself as a victim, in fact, there is not sufficient property right basis for the disputed lake production, and all kinds of pretexts are used to occupy Yang's surname lake produce. This case shows that civil justice in the Qing Dynasty had a positive side of protecting the property rights of the people: it was the official protection of the property rights of the people that forced the powerful Cao family to recognize the property rights of the weak Yang surname. More importantly, the authorities are creative in resolving the dispute: first identifying right and wrong on the basis of evidence, ascertaining ownership of rights and interests, and then introducing a market mechanism to promote a win-win agreement between the two sides. This kind of law and the market's double-pronged approach can grasp the essence of property right dispute more than just judging right and wrong according to law.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学历史系;
【分类号】：K249.3

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