明代的驾帖与精微批
发布时间：2018-07-17 03:18
【摘要】：驾帖是皇帝授权的官员或宦官执行某项任务时的证明。驾帖持有者执行的任务很宽泛:大到宣召皇位继承人,小到采购生活用品。驾帖由内府收掌,使用前需要以皇帝批示过的"红本"为依据填写内容、盖印并到六科佥批以便稽查,持驾帖逮捕高级官员时还要配以相应内容的诏旨。明中叶以后,政治生态逐渐恶化,不时出现锦衣卫、阉宦无驾帖而滥捕人,或者持空白驾帖、假冒驾帖违法乱政的现象,招致文官群体的广泛批评。精微批的层级低于驾帖,但功能类似,而且其保存、填写方式、用印押字、佥批、比对、销缴时限等都有严格的规定,容易辨别真伪,因而成为士大夫建议替代驾帖的首选。迫于压力,皇帝同意驾帖和精微批配合使用,但因皇帝纵容以及保密的需要,锦衣卫官不做佥批即持驾帖出京行事的现象仍不时出现。发展到崇祯朝,锦衣卫捕人干脆无需刑科佥批,制度上的制衡被公开抛弃,明王朝亦走到了历史尽头。
[Abstract]:The card is the proof of the official or eunuchs authorized by the emperor. The duty holders perform a broad task: to call the throne to be the successor of the emperor and to purchase the goods. After the middle of Ming Dynasty, the political ecology gradually deteriorated, the political ecology gradually deteriorated, the political ecology was gradually deteriorated, the golden clothes and guards appeared from time to time. There is a strict regulation on the way of filling, printing, comparison, and selling time limit. It is easy to distinguish the true and false, so it becomes the first choice of the scholar officials to recommend the replacement. The emperor agrees with the emperor's driving post and the subtle batch. From time to time, in the Chong Zhen Dynasty, Jinyi Wei caught people without any penalty. The checks and balances in the system were abandoned openly, and Wang Zhaoyi went to the end of history.
【作者单位】： 中国社会科学院历史研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目(15BZS059)
【分类号】：K248
，
本文编号：2128771
[Abstract]:The card is the proof of the official or eunuchs authorized by the emperor. The duty holders perform a broad task: to call the throne to be the successor of the emperor and to purchase the goods. After the middle of Ming Dynasty, the political ecology gradually deteriorated, the political ecology gradually deteriorated, the political ecology was gradually deteriorated, the golden clothes and guards appeared from time to time. There is a strict regulation on the way of filling, printing, comparison, and selling time limit. It is easy to distinguish the true and false, so it becomes the first choice of the scholar officials to recommend the replacement. The emperor agrees with the emperor's driving post and the subtle batch. From time to time, in the Chong Zhen Dynasty, Jinyi Wei caught people without any penalty. The checks and balances in the system were abandoned openly, and Wang Zhaoyi went to the end of history.
【作者单位】： 中国社会科学院历史研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目(15BZS059)
【分类号】：K248
，
本文编号：2128771
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