清代洮河中下游地区农业开发初探
发布时间：2018-09-11 06:00
【摘要】：本文从地域上选取自然环境较完整、经济文化交流较密切、同属农耕区的洮河中下游地区为探讨对象，选取时代性鲜明、农业开发成果显著、环境压力较大、前后期对比较为明显的清代为探讨时段。从历史地理学的角度研究农业开发，并探讨生态环境变迁过程，，在方法论上力求以区域历史地理学的综合方法来进行研究。 全文包括三部分，第一部分为第一、二章，为绪论与开发基础及背景，主要陈述选题缘由及意义，学术史回顾及研究方法等，并列举影响本区农业开发的自然特征及开发背景与政策。 第二部分包括第三--六章。第三章探讨影响清代本区农业开发的人口发展状况，对有清一代本区狄道州（县）、岷州（卫）、河州、渭源的人口进行系统的统计与估算。认为乾隆中期以前的地丁记载仅为纳税单位，并不是人口数据，乾隆中期以后的为人口数据，较为可信。同时，笔者从原有数据的基础上根据一定的人口学原理对乾隆中期以前本区的人口数进一步进行估算。第四章探讨清代本区农业开发的技术选择，系统探讨清代本区水利工程及灌溉技术；以玉米与马铃薯为例，探讨农作物品种的引进及改良；探讨清代本区农业耕作技术；探讨影响本区农业生产的自然灾害及其防治。第五章从农业开发的集中体现--田亩面积入手，全面探讨清代本区农业开发成就.初步估算亩产量，并论述农业开发对当地社会经济的贡献。第六章从多个方面论述本区农业开发特色及开发与生态环境的变迁。认为清代的农业开发对本区生态环境起到极大的破坏，值得后人引以为戒。 第七章为第三部分。对清代本区农业开发进行反思，认为应客观评估本区生产能力；生态环境保护是本区农业开发的基础；政局稳定与政府决策是农业开发的保障。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the natural environment is relatively complete, the economic and cultural exchange is close, the middle and lower reaches of Tao River, which belong to the same farming area, are chosen as the object of discussion, the times are bright, the agricultural development results are remarkable, and the environment pressure is great. The Qing Dynasty, which was more obvious in the former and later periods, was the period of discussion. This paper studies agricultural development from the angle of historical geography, and probes into the process of ecological environment vicissitude, and tries to study it with the comprehensive method of regional historical geography in methodology. The first part is the first and second chapters, which are the basis and background of the introduction and development, including the reason and significance of the topic, the review of the academic history and the research methods, etc. The natural characteristics, development background and policies affecting agricultural development in this area are also listed. The second part includes the third-sixth chapter. The third chapter discusses the population development status of the agricultural development in this area in Qing Dynasty. The population of Didaozhou (county), Minzhou (Wei), Hezhou and Weiyuan in this district of Qing Dynasty is systematically counted and estimated. It is believed that the records before the middle Qianlong period are only taxpaying units, not demographic data, and that the population data after the middle Qianlong period is more reliable. At the same time, on the basis of the original data, the author estimates the population of the area before the middle period of Qianlong on the basis of certain demography principle. The fourth chapter discusses the selection of agricultural development techniques in this area in Qing Dynasty, systematically discusses water conservancy engineering and irrigation technology in this area of Qing Dynasty, discusses the introduction and improvement of crop varieties by taking corn and potato as an example, and probes into agricultural tillage techniques in this area in Qing Dynasty. The natural disasters affecting agricultural production in this area and their prevention and treatment are discussed. The fifth chapter discusses the achievements of agricultural development in Qing Dynasty. Preliminary estimate of yield per mu, and discuss the contribution of agricultural development to local social economy. The sixth chapter discusses the characteristics of agricultural development and the changes of ecological environment from many aspects. It is believed that the agricultural development in Qing Dynasty caused great damage to the ecological environment of this area, and it is worthy of being taken as a warning. Chapter seven is the third part. Reflecting on the agricultural development of this district in Qing Dynasty, the author thinks that the production capacity of this area should be evaluated objectively, the ecological environment protection is the basis of agricultural development in this district, and the political stability and government decision are the guarantee of agricultural development.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F329;K249
本文编号：2235776
[Abstract]:In this paper, the natural environment is relatively complete, the economic and cultural exchange is close, the middle and lower reaches of Tao River, which belong to the same farming area, are chosen as the object of discussion, the times are bright, the agricultural development results are remarkable, and the environment pressure is great. The Qing Dynasty, which was more obvious in the former and later periods, was the period of discussion. This paper studies agricultural development from the angle of historical geography, and probes into the process of ecological environment vicissitude, and tries to study it with the comprehensive method of regional historical geography in methodology. The first part is the first and second chapters, which are the basis and background of the introduction and development, including the reason and significance of the topic, the review of the academic history and the research methods, etc. The natural characteristics, development background and policies affecting agricultural development in this area are also listed. The second part includes the third-sixth chapter. The third chapter discusses the population development status of the agricultural development in this area in Qing Dynasty. The population of Didaozhou (county), Minzhou (Wei), Hezhou and Weiyuan in this district of Qing Dynasty is systematically counted and estimated. It is believed that the records before the middle Qianlong period are only taxpaying units, not demographic data, and that the population data after the middle Qianlong period is more reliable. At the same time, on the basis of the original data, the author estimates the population of the area before the middle period of Qianlong on the basis of certain demography principle. The fourth chapter discusses the selection of agricultural development techniques in this area in Qing Dynasty, systematically discusses water conservancy engineering and irrigation technology in this area of Qing Dynasty, discusses the introduction and improvement of crop varieties by taking corn and potato as an example, and probes into agricultural tillage techniques in this area in Qing Dynasty. The natural disasters affecting agricultural production in this area and their prevention and treatment are discussed. The fifth chapter discusses the achievements of agricultural development in Qing Dynasty. Preliminary estimate of yield per mu, and discuss the contribution of agricultural development to local social economy. The sixth chapter discusses the characteristics of agricultural development and the changes of ecological environment from many aspects. It is believed that the agricultural development in Qing Dynasty caused great damage to the ecological environment of this area, and it is worthy of being taken as a warning. Chapter seven is the third part. Reflecting on the agricultural development of this district in Qing Dynasty, the author thinks that the production capacity of this area should be evaluated objectively, the ecological environment protection is the basis of agricultural development in this district, and the political stability and government decision are the guarantee of agricultural development.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F329;K249
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 董立顺;夏明亮;;清代狄道州水利开发与管理——以清代方志资料为中心的考察[J];三峡论坛(三峡文学.理论版);2012年05期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 刘永胜;明清时期河州地区农牧业开发研究[D];西北师范大学;2011年
本文编号：2235776
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