翻译科与清代驻防八旗的仕进
发布时间：2018-11-20 13:01
【摘要】：翻译科是清代旗人专有的进身之阶。道光二十三年,驻防八旗始被允许应考翻译科,至同治年间,形成了翻译科与文场并重的局面。翻译科在驻防八旗的开设,旨在解决八旗生计与满语文衰退问题,此举同时也拓展了驻防旗人的仕进空间,为朝廷输送了数量可观的多语文人才。在翻译科的刺激下,驻防八旗社会的满语文教育繁盛一时,各地陆续建立官学,教授翻译,民间也形成了私学或相互讲求满文的师友团体。但由于铨选制度的弊端,驻防士子很难通过翻译科取得理想的官职。通过开科举缓解驻防旗人生计问题,固可收一时之效,但日久使宦途壅滞更甚,由此进身者补官不易,有的甚至放弃了仕途。清廷试图以扩大宦途改善旗人生计,其失败的根源正在于此。
[Abstract]:Translation Section is the exclusive step of the flag man in Qing Dynasty. Daoguang 23 years, garrison eight Banner was allowed to take the translation section, to Tongzhi years, formed the translation field and translation field. In order to solve the problem of livelihood and the decline of the Manchu language, the translation section also expanded the space for the garrison and sent a considerable number of multilingual talents to the imperial court. Under the stimulation of translation science, the full language education in the eight banners community flourished for a while, and various places established official studies, taught translation, and also formed private schools or groups of teachers and friends who wanted to talk to each other about the Manchu language. However, due to the shortcomings of the Civil Service selection system, it is difficult for the garrison to obtain the ideal official position through translation. Through the imperial examination to ease the livelihood of the garrison flag, can achieve a temporary effect, but the long time so that the official path is even more difficult to fill the official, some even give up the official path. The Qing government tried to improve the livelihood of the flag people by expanding the official path, which was the root of its failure.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学国学院;
【分类号】：K249
本文编号：2344986
[Abstract]:Translation Section is the exclusive step of the flag man in Qing Dynasty. Daoguang 23 years, garrison eight Banner was allowed to take the translation section, to Tongzhi years, formed the translation field and translation field. In order to solve the problem of livelihood and the decline of the Manchu language, the translation section also expanded the space for the garrison and sent a considerable number of multilingual talents to the imperial court. Under the stimulation of translation science, the full language education in the eight banners community flourished for a while, and various places established official studies, taught translation, and also formed private schools or groups of teachers and friends who wanted to talk to each other about the Manchu language. However, due to the shortcomings of the Civil Service selection system, it is difficult for the garrison to obtain the ideal official position through translation. Through the imperial examination to ease the livelihood of the garrison flag, can achieve a temporary effect, but the long time so that the official path is even more difficult to fill the official, some even give up the official path. The Qing government tried to improve the livelihood of the flag people by expanding the official path, which was the root of its failure.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学国学院;
【分类号】：K249
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