西汉继体之君正当性论证杂议——以霍光废刘贺为例
发布时间：2018-11-20 11:55
【摘要】：从昌邑王到被迎立为皇帝再到废黜为海昏侯,刘贺本人在西汉政治史上或许无足轻重,但元平元年围绕着他发生的帝位废立过程对中国传统政治文化特别是在皇权更迭模式及其正当性论证方面的影响不宜低估。皇朝内部的权力传承或"内继"之正当性,取决于三项条件:大宗嫡系的继体血统,敬天崇祖的守文之德和反映在符瑞灾异中的天意验证。霍光集团因政治利益的考量自下而上废黜刘贺,其正当性因刘贺本人的德行缺陷、灾异征兆而赢得较广泛的认可。废黜过程中的暗涌微澜也未对西汉皇朝的统治正当性构成重大威胁,这与宣帝和霍光应付废立危机得当不无关系。西汉以后历代皇朝的顶层政治实践中,普遍视霍光"尊孝宣而废昌邑"为皇权更迭的新典范。其"废昏立明"范式不仅为董卓、司马昭、桓温等政治野心家提供了挟天子以令天下的"正当"借口,也成为集权帝制时代防止社会政治极端恶化的制动器,在维护君主专制政体的同时尽可能地维持其统治的价值合理性和较广泛的认受性。
[Abstract]:From the king of Changyi to being adopted as emperor and then deposed as a daze of the sea, Liu he himself may be of little importance in the political history of the Western Han Dynasty. However, the influence of Yuan Ping on the traditional Chinese political culture, especially on the model of the change of imperial power and its justification, should not be underestimated around the process of abrogation of emperors and emperors in the first year of Yuan Ping. The legitimacy of the power inheritance or "internal succession" in the imperial dynasty depends on three conditions: the succession lineage of a large number of direct lineages, the virtue of respecting the ancestors of heaven, and the verification of the divine will reflected in the evil of Fu Rui. Huoguang Group has been widely recognized for its political interests from the bottom up to oust Liu he, whose legitimacy is due to Liu he's own moral defects and signs of disaster. The dark surge in the process of deposed did not pose a major threat to the legitimacy of the Western Han Dynasty, which had something to do with the proper handling of the abolitionist crisis by Xuandi and Huoguang. In the political practice at the top of the imperial dynasties after the Western Han Dynasty, Huo Guang's "respect for filial piety and proclamation of filial piety" was generally regarded as a new model for the change of imperial power. His paradigm of "waste Liming" not only provided a "just" excuse for Dong Zhuo, Sima Zhao, Huanwen and other political ambitions, but also became a brake to prevent the extreme deterioration of society and politics in the era of centralized monarchy. While maintaining the autocratic monarchy, the value rationality and wider acceptance of its rule should be maintained as far as possible.
【作者单位】： 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院;
【分类号】：K234.1
本文编号：2344844
[Abstract]:From the king of Changyi to being adopted as emperor and then deposed as a daze of the sea, Liu he himself may be of little importance in the political history of the Western Han Dynasty. However, the influence of Yuan Ping on the traditional Chinese political culture, especially on the model of the change of imperial power and its justification, should not be underestimated around the process of abrogation of emperors and emperors in the first year of Yuan Ping. The legitimacy of the power inheritance or "internal succession" in the imperial dynasty depends on three conditions: the succession lineage of a large number of direct lineages, the virtue of respecting the ancestors of heaven, and the verification of the divine will reflected in the evil of Fu Rui. Huoguang Group has been widely recognized for its political interests from the bottom up to oust Liu he, whose legitimacy is due to Liu he's own moral defects and signs of disaster. The dark surge in the process of deposed did not pose a major threat to the legitimacy of the Western Han Dynasty, which had something to do with the proper handling of the abolitionist crisis by Xuandi and Huoguang. In the political practice at the top of the imperial dynasties after the Western Han Dynasty, Huo Guang's "respect for filial piety and proclamation of filial piety" was generally regarded as a new model for the change of imperial power. His paradigm of "waste Liming" not only provided a "just" excuse for Dong Zhuo, Sima Zhao, Huanwen and other political ambitions, but also became a brake to prevent the extreme deterioration of society and politics in the era of centralized monarchy. While maintaining the autocratic monarchy, the value rationality and wider acceptance of its rule should be maintained as far as possible.
【作者单位】： 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院;
【分类号】：K234.1
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